RN黑洞中的相干量子态修正：光子动力学、阴影投射与能量反作用

中文摘要 AI 辅助

我们在相干量子黑洞框架内重新审视了Reissner-Nordström（RN）几何，引入了一个在短距离下保持良好行为、同时在长距离下保留预期经典行为的版本。关键要素是一种平滑的高斯正则化，它取代了通常的尖锐截断，并抑制了非物理的振荡。这种构造引入了一个特征核心半径$R_{\rm s}$，其相对于质量$M$和电荷$Q$受到约束，以确保中心要么是Ricci正则的，要么是软化后可积的奇点。在原点附近，时空根据参数的选择表现出不同的行为。当$R_{\rm s}$满足临界关系$R_{\rm s}^* = \sqrt{\pi}\\,R_{\rm Q}^2 / R_{\rm M}$时，几何是Ricci正则的，而偏离该值则产生更温和的可积奇点。我们澄清，对于一般参数，即使在$R_{\rm s}^*$处，Kretschmann标量仍保留$1/r$发散，因此中心在有限曲率不变量意义上并非完全正则。有效应力-能量张量可以解释为各向异性流体，其密度和压力在量子主导的核心与经典RN区域之间平滑插值。Misner-Sharp质量从中心逐渐累积，渐近地恢复ADM质量。量子尺度也修改了视界结构，根据比值$\alpha=R_{\rm Q}/R_{\rm M}$和$\beta=R_{\rm s}/R_{\rm M}$，产生标准、极端或无视界的构型。光子运动相应受到影响：光子球向内移动，光偏转和Shapiro延迟略有减少，由此产生的阴影显得更紧凑、更平滑，反映了量子修正的几何。

英文摘要

We revisit the Reissner-Nordström (RN) geometry within the coherent quantum black hole framework, introducing a version that remains well-behaved at short distances while preserving the expected classical behavior at large scales. The key ingredient is a smooth Gaussian regularization, which replaces the usual sharp cutoff and {suppresses} the unphysical oscillations. This construction introduces a characteristic core radius $R_{\rm s}$, constrained relative to the mass $M$ and charge $Q$ to ensure either a {Ricci-regular} center or a softened integrable singularity. Near the origin, the spacetime exhibits distinct behaviors depending on the choice of parameters. When $R_{\rm s}$ satisfies the critical relation $R_{\rm s}^* = \sqrtπ\,R_{\rm Q}^2 / R_{\rm M}$, the geometry is {Ricci-regulFar}, while deviations from this value produce a milder, integrable singularity. {We clarify that for generic parameters, the Kretschmann scalar retains a $1/r$ divergence even at $R_{\rm s}^*$, so the center is not fully regular in the sense of finite curvature invariants.} The effective stress-energy tensor can be interpreted as an anisotropic fluid, whose density and pressure smoothly interpolate between the quantum-dominated core and the classical RN region at large radii. The Misner-Sharp mass accumulates gradually from the center, recovering the ADM mass asymptotically. The quantum scale also modifies the horizon structure, giving rise to standard, extremal, or horizonless configurations depending on the ratios $α=R_{\rm Q}/R_{\rm M}$ and $β=R_{\rm s}/R_{\rm M}$. Photon motion is correspondingly affected: the photon sphere moves inward, light deflection and Shapiro delay are slightly reduced, and the resulting shadow appears more compact and smoother, reflecting the quantum-corrected geometry.

发表机构

• University of KwaZulu-Natal（夸祖鲁-纳塔尔大学）
• Khazar University（哈扎尔大学）
• Jadara University（贾达拉大学）
• University Hassan II（哈桑二世大学）
• Ibn Tofail University（伊本·图费勒大学）
• Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics（阿卜杜斯·萨拉姆理论物理国际中心）
• Central Asian University（中亚大学）
• University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences（塔什干应用科学大学）
• Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute（乌鲁伯格天文研究所）
• Kimyo International University in Tashkent（塔什干基莫国际大学）
• Samarkand State University of Architecture and Construction（撒马尔罕国立建筑与建设大学）

机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。

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12 pages, 7 figures, Article accepted for publication in Physics Letters B