发表机构
Pacific Academy; Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science & Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Fudan University; Environmental Sciences Department, University of California, Riverside; State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability, School of Environment, Tsinghua University; Department of Climate and Energy Systems Engineering, Ewha Womans University（太平洋学院; 区域地球系统科学与工程联合研究所，加州大学洛杉矶分校; 大气与海洋科学系，复旦大学; 环境科学系，加州大学河滨分校; 区域环境可持续性国家重点实验室，环境学院，清华大学; 气候与能源系统工程系，梨花女子大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
利用MLS和CALIPSO等20年观测数据，发现热带对流增湿和云冰在暖池转变（SST约299-300K）处存在一致的跨传感器特征，并受长波CRE增强和短波冷却部分抵消影响。
AI 中文摘要
与热带深对流相关的对流层上层水汽和云冰是水汽反馈和高云反馈的核心。我们利用20年的Aura微波临边探测器（MLS）第5版H2O和云冰观测数据（2004年8月至2024年12月），以及搭载于云-气溶胶激光雷达和红外探路者卫星观测（CALIPSO）任务上的正交偏振云-气溶胶激光雷达（CALIOP）数据（2006年6月至2023年6月），研究了热带对流增湿中的暖池转变。昼夜结合的CALIPSO产品（CALIPSO-A）提供了独立的冰云约束；CALIPSO网格上显示的H2O柱含量来自现代研究和应用回顾性分析第二版（MERRA-2），而非CALIOP。我们结合了客观海表温度（SST）断点拟合、跨传感器冰水路径（IWP）比较、云和地球辐射能量系统（CERES）的长波、短波和净云辐射效应（CRE），以及来自全球降水测量（GPM）任务的GPM综合多卫星检索（IMERG）降水诊断。MLS和CALIPSO-A显示深对流暖池区域云冰最大，并识别出暖态SST断点约为299-300 K。归一化的MLS和CALIPSO-A IWP在西太平洋和热带平均中变化一致。CERES表明暖态中更强的长波CRE部分被更强的短波冷却所抵消，而GPM IMERG确认MLS IWP随对流降雨率增加而增加。这些结果表明，热带暖池转变期间的对流增湿和云冰产生是热带大气中持久的跨传感器特征。
英文摘要
Upper-tropospheric water vapor and cloud ice associated with tropical deep convection are central to water-vapor and high-cloud feedbacks. We investigate a warm-pool transition in tropical convective moistening using 20 years of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Version 5 H2O and cloud-ice observations (August 2004-December 2024), together with Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) aboard the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission (June 2006-June 2023). The combined day-plus-night CALIPSO product (CALIPSO-A) provides an independent ice-cloud constraint; the H2O column shown on the CALIPSO grid is derived from Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2), not from CALIOP. We combine objective sea surface temperature (SST) breakpoint fitting, cross-sensor ice water path (IWP) comparisons, Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) longwave, shortwave, and net cloud radiative effect (CRE), and Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) precipitation diagnostics from the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. MLS and CALIPSO-A show cloud-ice maxima over deep-convective warm-pool regions and identify warm-regime SST breakpoints near 299-300 K. Normalized MLS and CALIPSO-A IWP vary coherently in the western Pacific and tropical mean. CERES indicates that stronger longwave CRE in the warm regime is partly offset by stronger shortwave cooling, while GPM IMERG confirms that MLS IWP increases with convective rain rate. These results show that convective moistening and cloud-ice production across the tropical warm-pool transition are persistent cross-sensor features of the tropical atmosphere.
