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arXiv 2610.03060math-phmath.MP

多原子气体作为内能测度浓度的单原子极限

The monatomic limit of polyatomic gases as concentration of the internal-energy measure

Tommaso Ruggeri

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中文总结 AI 辅助

本文严格证明多原子气体在D→3时内能分布集中于零,给出狄拉克处方的一阶修正,并推导相对论情形下精确能量恒等式及Synge能量修正。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

在理性扩展热力学中,多原子气体的单原子极限通常是奇异的。对于内态密度 $\phi(I)=I^a$,其中 $a=(D-5)/2$,我们证明了分子内能 $I$ 的归一化平衡分布随着 $D\to3$ 而集中于 $I=0$,从而为狄拉克处方及其一阶修正提供了严格论证。在经典ET14中,内模能量与平衡态的偏差为 $-3\Pi/2$;正性条件给出 $-p<\Pi<(D-3)p/3$,而精确熵在 $\Pi=0$ 处出现边界角点。负动态压力仍然可容许,但固定的负值不会以规定的总能接近单原子态。这解释了相容初始数据的必要性。在相对论情形中,内能在固定动量下服从条件伽马分布;本构积分可直接得出,我们推导出精确能量恒等式以及Synge能量的一阶修正。

英文摘要

In Rational Extended Thermodynamics, the monatomic limit of polyatomic gases is often singular. For the internal-state density $ϕ(I)=I^a$, with $a=(D-5)/2$, we prove that the normalized equilibrium distribution of the molecular internal energy $I$ concentrates at $I=0$ as $D\to3$, providing a rigorous justification of the Dirac prescription and its first-order correction. In classical ET14, the internal-mode energy differs from equilibrium by $-3Π/2$; positivity yields $-p<Π<(D-3)p/3$, while the exact entropy develops a boundary corner at $Π=0$. Negative dynamic pressures remain admissible, but fixed negative values do not approach the monatomic state with the prescribed total energy. This explains the need for compatible initial data. In the relativistic case, the internal energy is conditionally gamma distributed at fixed momentum; the constitutive integrals follow directly, and we derive an exact energy identity and the first correction to the Synge energy.

发表机构

  • University of Bologna(博洛尼亚大学)
  • Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei(林琴学院)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

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