发表机构
Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对新兴量子中继网络，开发仿真平台并创新分析方法，验证DIR性能，发现小内存足够且影响小，并探讨网络规模、光纤长度及错误设置对内存需求和EPR、保真度的影响。
AI 中文摘要
新兴的实验性量子网络部署基于研究机构间的合作，并依赖电信光纤基础设施。目前，此类网络主要由双输入中继器（DIRs）组成，可视为由（大部分）线图构成。为了评估此类网络的性能（例如，纠缠对速率（EPR）和平均保真度），我们开发了一个定制的量子网络仿真平台，该平台同时考虑了量子网络组件和经典网络组件。为了支持仿真结果的验证，我们开发了一种新颖的DIR性能分析方法。我们将仿真结果与DIR的分析结果以及先前针对具有两个以上输入的中继器的结果进行了比较。我们观察到，尽管预期的内存利用率无法有界，但较小的DIR内存大小是足够的，并且会导致最小的性能下降。对于具有单个中继器和3个中继器的线网络，我们探讨了输入和输出内存大小需求对节点数量（网络规模）、节点连通性（光纤长度）以及各种量子错误设置（振幅阻尼和相位翻转信道）的依赖性。我们使用两条替代路径，评估了一个已部署网络中具有3个中继器的子网络的EPR和平均保真度。我们表明，随着节点数量的增加或当节点间的光纤长度显著不同时，需要额外的节点内存来维持相同的EPR（量子比特被存储更长时间，以允许跨网络的纠缠完成）。我们还表明，内存大小应高于某个最小阈值，以允许EP创建（EPR>0），因为配对选择和交换完成在网络中传播。
英文摘要
Emerging experimental quantum network deployments are based on collaborations between research institutions and rely on telecommunications fiber infrastructure. Currently, such networks consist of mostly Dual Input Repeaters (DIRs) and can be viewed as composed of (mostly) line graphs. In order to evaluate the performance of such networks (e.g., in terms of Entangled Pair Rate, EPR, and average Fidelity) we developed a custom quantum network simulation platform that takes into account both the quantum and classical network components. To support the verification of the simulation results, we develop a novel approach for performance analysis of DIRs. We compare the simulation results to the analytical results for DIRs and to prior results for repeaters with more than two inputs. We observe that although the expected memory utilization cannot be bounded, \emph{a small DIR memory size is sufficient and leads to minimal performance degradation}. For line networks with a single repeater and $3$ repeaters, we explore the dependency of incoming and outgoing memory size requirements on the number of nodes (network size), their connectivity (fiber length) and various quantum error settings (amplitude damping and phase flip channels). We evaluate the \emph{EPR} and the \emph{average Fidelity} for a sub-network of a deployed network with $3$ repeaters, using two alternative paths. We show that as the number of nodes increases or when the fiber lengths between nodes differ significantly, additional node memory is needed to maintain the same EPR (qubits are stored for longer duration to allow completion of entanglement across the network). We also show that the memory size should be above some minimum threshold to allow EP creation (EPR $>0$) as pair selection and swapping completion propagate across the network.
