发表机构
Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg; German Aerospace Center (DLR)（埃尔朗根-纽伦堡大学; 德国航空航天中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对落塔短暂微重力环境，研究毛细自动弹射生成厘米级液滴，通过优化空腔形状（抛物线族及中心凹陷）最小化弛豫时间，为快速液滴发生器提供设计原则。
AI 中文摘要
许多微重力实验需要厘米级的球形液滴。在落塔实验中，仅能获得几秒钟的微重力时间，因此液滴必须在极短时间内生成并达到近乎弛豫的状态。我们研究毛细自动弹射（即液池跳跃）作为一种被动机制，用于产生自由漂浮的液滴，并探究如何设计支撑空腔以最小化弹射后的弛豫时间。对于具有抛物线横截面且填充固定液体体积的空腔，最小化初始液体表面积可得到唯一形状，光滑粒子流体动力学模拟表明，该形状在抛物线族内也能给出最短的弛豫时间。在空腔中引入一个浅的中心凹陷可进一步缩短弛豫时间，尽管这会产生更大的初始液体表面积。这些结果为基于毛细作用的液滴发生器提供了设计原则，使其能够在落塔中可用的短暂微重力间隔内快速生成弛豫的厘米级液滴。
英文摘要
Many microgravity experiments require centimeter-sized spherical liquid drops. In drop-tower experiments, only a few seconds of microgravity are available, so the drops must be generated and reach a nearly relaxed state within a very short time. We investigate capillary auto-ejection (puddle jumping) as a passive mechanism for producing free-floating drops and investigate how the supporting cavity can be shaped to minimize the relaxation time after ejection. For cavities with a parabolic cross-section filled with a fixed liquid volume, minimization of the initial liquid surface area yields a unique shape, and smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations show that this shape also gives the shortest relaxation time within the parabolic family. Introducing a shallow central depression into the cavity reduces the relaxation time further, despite producing a larger initial liquid surface area. These results provide design principles for capillary-driven drop generators that enable the rapid production of relaxed centimeter-sized drops during the short microgravity intervals available in drop towers.
Comments13 pages, 9 figures
