发表机构
Texas A&M University; Hamad Bin Khalifa University; University of Cambridge; Qatar University（德克萨斯农工大学; 哈马德·本·哈利法大学; 剑桥大学; 卡塔尔大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对多频段LEO直连设备链路，提出低开销IMU辅助预测式波束管理，利用延迟姿态外推和解析评分，在0.3%训练开销下提升平均有效吞吐量21.2%并降低宽带中断57.6%。
AI 中文摘要
从低地球轨道（LEO）卫星到设备（D2D）的直接连接正在向Ku频段发展，在此频段中，手持终端必须从分布在机身周围的多个小型相控阵面板获得定向增益。波束管理因此成为一个联合的卫星-面板波束选择问题，候选数量达数百个，而普通的手部运动可能在单个决策间隔内改变最佳候选。本文针对多频段LEO D2D下行链路提出了一种低开销的预测式波束管理方案，其中低频锚点链路承载控制信令和回退流量，Ku频段链路承载宽带数据。手机惯性测量单元（IMU）以已知延迟报告姿态和角速率；该方案将延迟的姿态外推到当前方向，根据卫星星历和面板几何解析地评分所有卫星-面板波束候选，并在固定导频预算下仅训练一个基于卫星-面板分集规则构建的小型候选集。Ku频段链路仅在其预测的训练后速率超过锚点速率一定裕度时才被激活。使用四面板手机和两颗可见卫星的轨迹驱动蒙特卡洛模拟表明，在六个导频（0.3%的训练开销）下，与等预算的延迟姿态基线相比，所提方案在90度/秒的角速度下将平均有效吞吐量提高了21.2%，并将宽带中断概率降低了57.6%，且其性能在零开销理想方案的3.8%以内。
英文摘要
Direct to device D2D connectivity from low Earth orbit LEO satellites is moving to Ku band, where a handheld terminal must obtain directional gain from several small phased array panels distributed around the chassis. Beam management then becomes a joint satellite panel beam selection problem with hundreds of candidates, and ordinary hand motion can change the best candidate within one decision interval. This paper proposes a low overhead predictive beam management scheme for a multiband LEO D2D downlink in which a low frequency anchor link carries control signalling and fallback traffic, and a Ku band link carries broadband data. The handset inertial measurement unit IMU reports attitude and angular rate with a known delay; the scheme extrapolates the delayed attitude to the current orientation, scores all satellite panel beam candidates analytically from the satellite ephemeris and panel geometry, and trains only a small candidate set built with a satellite panel diversity rule under a fixed pilot budget. The Ku band link is activated only when its predicted post training rate exceeds the anchor rate by a margin. Trace driven Monte Carlo simulations with a four panel handset and two visible satellites show that, with six pilots 0.3 percent training overhead, the proposed scheme improves mean goodput by 21.2 percent and reduces broadband outage by 57.6 percent at 90 degrees per second relative to an equal budget delayed attitude baseline, and operates within 3.8 percent of a zero overhead oracle.
