结构光驱动直流电流的扇区分辨绕数选择规则
Sector-Resolved Winding Selection Rules for Structured-Light-Driven dc Currents
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- The University of Tokyo（东京大学）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文以石墨烯为平台，提出扇区分辨的绕数选择规则，阐明结构光驱动直流电流的绕数阶数由电流算符角结构与方位角投影决定，并通过数值模拟验证，实现定制绕数电流及轴向磁场控制。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
结构光可以产生具有方位角绕数的电子直流电流，然而控制其绕数阶数$m$的规则仍不清楚。本文以石墨烯作为洁净的二维平台，识别出扇区分辨的绕数选择规则。通过在电流算符层面将电流响应分解为局域扇区和梯度扇区，我们证明绕数阶数并非仅由光学轨道角动量$\ell$决定，而是由相应电流算符的角结构及其在方位角方向上的投影共同决定。对于标量拉盖尔-高斯光束，线偏振在局域扇区产生$m=|\ell\pm1|$，在梯度扇区产生$m=|\ell|,|\ell\pm2|$；而具有螺旋度$\sigma=\pm1$的圆偏振在局域扇区选择$m=|\ell-\sigma|$，在梯度扇区选择$m=|\ell+2\sigma|$。数值时间演化计算验证了这些规则，并进一步表明螺旋度可以选择$m=0$分支，产生方位角均匀的循环电流，其径向分布决定轴向磁场$B_z(z)$。我们的结果为分类和控制具有定制绕数结构的光驱动直流电流提供了扇区分辨的组织原则。
英文摘要
Structured light can generate electronic dc currents with azimuthal winding, yet the rules governing their winding order $m$ remain unclear. Here we identify sector-resolved winding selection rules using graphene as a clean two-dimensional platform. By decomposing the current response into local and gradient sectors at the current-operator level, we show that the winding order is determined not by the optical orbital angular momentum $\ell$ alone, but by the angular structure of the corresponding current operators together with projection onto the azimuthal direction. For scalar Laguerre-Gaussian beams, linear polarization yields $m=|\ell\pm1|$ in the local sector and $m=|\ell|,|\ell\pm2|$ in the gradient sector, whereas circular polarization with helicity $σ=\pm1$ selects $m=|\ell-σ|$ in the local sector and $m=|\ell+2σ|$ in the gradient sector. Numerical time-evolution calculations verify these rules and further show that helicity can select an $m=0$ branch, producing an azimuthally uniform circulating current whose radial profile determines the axial magnetic field $B_z(z)$. Our results provide a sector-resolved organizing principle for classifying and controlling structured-light-driven dc currents with tailored winding structures.
