移动设备中的GNSS欺骗：影响与对策综述
GNSS Spoofing in Mobile Devices: A Survey on Impact and Countermeasures
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
本文针对智能手机GNSS欺骗攻击，提出了一项新颖的综述，建立了攻击效果与对策的分类法，回顾了漏洞特征化历史，并概述了检测与对抗技术，为移动平台上的对策选择提供了比较框架。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
智能手机依赖全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）进行定位，以执行其日常的许多功能。由于智能手机内置的GNSS接收器接收到的卫星星座信号具有低功率和开放架构的特点，因此容易受到人为的射频干扰攻击，包括干扰和欺骗。干扰是一种拒绝GNSS接收器形成位置、速度和时间（PVT）解算能力的做法，而欺骗则是一种更隐蔽的威胁，它使用伪造的卫星信号，旨在使受害接收器计算出错误的PVT解算。智能手机的普及及其持有的敏感地理定位数据使其成为恶意欺骗的主要目标。然而，其硬件限制和对GNSS接收器处理链缺乏深度可见性，为有效的对策带来了重大障碍。现有调查全面探讨了通用的欺骗对策，但未能解决这些移动设备特有的限制。本文通过一项新颖的调查填补了这一空白，该调查侧重于在智能手机架构独特约束内可行的技术。具体来说，我们建立了一个用于定义GNSS欺骗攻击效果和对策的分类法，提供了智能手机漏洞特征化的历史回顾，并概述了为检测和对抗智能手机欺骗威胁而提出的技术，提供了一个比较框架来权衡它们在移动平台上的各自优缺点。
英文摘要
Smartphones rely on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based positioning for many of the functions they execute everyday. The GNSS receivers embedded in smartphones are susceptible to anthropogenic radio frequency interference attacks in the forms of jamming and spoofing due to the low-power and open-architecture signals they receive from the satellite constellations. While jamming is a practice that denies a GNSS receiver the ability to form a position, velocity, and time (PVT) solution, spoofing represents a more insidious threat by using forged satellite signals that aim at causing the victim receiver to compute a false PVT solution. The ubiquity of smartphones and the sensitive geolocation data they hold make them a primary target for malicious spoofing. However, their hardware constraints and the lack of deep visibility into the GNSS receiver processing chain create significant hurdles for effective countermeasures. Existing surveys comprehensively explore general spoofing countermeasures but fail to address these mobile-specific limitations. This article fills that gap with a novel survey focused on techniques viable within the unique constraints of smartphone architectures. Specifically, we establish a taxonomy for defining GNSS spoofing attack effects and countermeasures, provide a historical review of smartphone vulnerability characterization, and provide an overview of techniques proposed to detect and counteract smartphone spoofing threats, offering a comparative framework to weigh their respective pros and cons on mobile platforms.
发表机构
- Northeastern University（东北大学）
- Politecnico di Torino（都灵理工大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
