发表机构
Weizmann Institute of Science（魏茨曼科学研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文回顾水面强湍流谱理论历史，修正菲利普斯谱，指出强湍流谱量级非普适而依赖泵浦，且弱转强湍流因谱非局部作用提前发生。
AI 中文摘要
在此，我简要回顾了该理论曲折发展的历史，并列出了水面上重力波直接级联谱的可能预测。在扎哈罗夫及其学派发展的弱湍流理论框架内，长波的描述是直接的。随着能量级联向更短尺度推进，平均表面陡度增大，波浪破碎事件出现的频率也随之增加。考虑到表面尖点，菲利普斯提出了一个波数谱（其量级如我在此论证的那样是错误的）和一个频率谱，后者的整体形式是不正确的。由破碎波导致的频率谱斜率的正确形式是由库兹涅佐夫提出的。在此，我们估计了其量级，并论证频率谱预计将在整个级联过程中保持不变。从弱湍流到强湍流在波数和时空谱中的转变是由于谱非局部相互作用所致，并且发生得比量纲估计所暗示的更早（在更大尺度上）。因此，强湍流谱的量级不是普适的，而是依赖于足够长的弱湍流级联中的泵浦。非局部性的原因很可能是较短波的破碎取决于它们所运行其上的最长波的量级。
英文摘要
Here, I give a brief history of the theory, with twists and turns, and list possible predictions for the spectra of the direct cascade of gravity waves on the water. The description of long waves is straightforward within the weak-turbulence theory developed by Zakharov and his school. As the energy cascade proceeds to shorter scales, the mean surface steepness grows, and wave-breaking events appear with increasing frequency. Considering surface cusps, Phillips suggested a wavenumber spectrum (with a wrong magnitude, as I argue here) and a frequency spectrum whose whole form is incorrect. The right form for the frequency spectral slope due to breaking waves was suggested by Kuznetsov. Here we estimate the magnitude and argue that the frequency spectrum is expected to continue unchanged through the whole cascade. The transition from weak to strong turbulence in the wavenumber and spatio-temporal spectra is due to spectrally nonlocal interactions and happens earlier (at larger scales) than the dimensional estimate suggests. As a result, the magnitude of the strong-turbulence spectrum is not universal but depends on the pumping for a sufficiently long weak-turbulence cascade. The reason for nonlocality is likely that breaking of shorter waves is determined by the magnitude of the longest wave on whose crest they are running.
