发表机构
Department of Science and Technology, Nampong Pattanasuksa Ratchamangklapisek School（纳蒙·帕塔纳苏卡拉查曼克拉皮塞克学校科学与技术系）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究将弯曲时空中的费米子粒子产生建模为物理布洛赫矢量的精确演化，在德西特时空中揭示质量控制的非绝热标度与奇异边界层，并通过多种积分验证恢复标准Gibbons-Hawking费米-狄拉克平台。
AI 中文摘要
我们将时间依赖弯曲时空中的费米子粒子产生表述为物理布洛赫矢量的精确演化。每个狄拉克动量模式简化为一个二能级系统，其瞬时占据数通过将物理态投影到瞬时能量基上来获得。该构造等价于标准Bogoliubov描述，同时在一个紧凑的实几何中保留了完整的有限时间态轨迹。它还使费米子占据数界限变得明显，而不将其微观起源仅归因于几何。对于德西特时空中的有质量狄拉克场，动力学简化为以哈勃单位表示的物理动量与质量-哈勃比的普适函数。我们识别出一个质量控制的非绝热标度以及一个奇异的小质量边界层，该边界层解决了无质量极限与晚期时间极限的不可交换性问题。独立的笛卡尔布洛赫、角布洛赫和Bogoliubov积分验证了分析结果，并恢复了标准的Gibbons-Hawking费米-狄拉克平台。
英文摘要
We formulate fermionic particle creation in a time-dependent curved spacetime as the exact evolution of a physical Bloch vector. Each Dirac momentum mode reduces to a two-level system, and its instantaneous occupation is obtained by projecting the physical state onto the instantaneous energy basis. This construction is equivalent to the standard Bogoliubov description while retaining the complete finite-time state trajectory in a compact real geometry. It also makes the fermionic occupation bound manifest without attributing its microscopic origin to geometry alone. For a massive Dirac field in de Sitter spacetime, the dynamics reduces to a universal function of the physical momentum in Hubble units and the mass-to-Hubble ratio. We identify a mass-controlled nonadiabatic scale and a singular small-mass boundary layer that resolves the noncommuting massless and late-time limits. Independent Cartesian Bloch, angular Bloch, and Bogoliubov integrations verify the analytical results and recover the standard Gibbons--Hawking Fermi--Dirac plateau.
Comments35 pages, 4 figures. Published in Annals of Physics 495 (2026) 170733
Journal refAnnals of Physics 495 (2026) 170733
