发表机构
Xi’an Jiaotong University; Rocket Force University of Engineering; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beihang University; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（西安交通大学; 火箭军工程大学; 上海交通大学; 北京理工大学; 北京航空航天大学; 电子科技大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本教程全面综述可移动天线赋能的集成感知与通信系统，涵盖基础原理、参数估计方法及物理层安全增强，并指出未来研究方向。
AI 中文摘要
可移动天线（MA）技术最近作为一种有前景的范式出现，通过允许天线在受限区域内动态调整其空间位置，增强了无线系统的灵活性和性能。与此同时，集成感知与通信（ISAC）作为下一代无线网络的关键技术引起了广泛关注，旨在共享硬件和频谱框架内集成通信与感知功能。通过利用MA提供的额外空间自由度，MA赋能的ISAC系统为提升通信性能和感知精度提供了新的机遇。然而，将MA集成到ISAC中也带来了参数估计和安全方面的新挑战。在本教程中，我们全面概述了MA赋能的ISAC系统，特别关注其基础原理、参数估计和安全问题。首先，我们介绍了MA和ISAC的基本原理，并回顾了具有代表性的MA赋能ISAC系统及其潜在应用。然后，我们建立了通信和感知的统一数学模型，并系统回顾了针对MA赋能ISAC系统的代表性信道和感知参数估计方法。提供了数值比较以说明不同估计方法的特性和性能。此外，我们研究了MA赋能ISAC系统的安全问题，介绍了物理层安全（PLS）的基础知识，并总结了如何利用MA的空间可重构性来增强ISAC系统的安全性。展示了代表性案例研究以证明MA赋能安全ISAC系统的性能增益。最后，我们指出了面向实用MA赋能ISAC系统的若干开放问题和未来研究方向。
英文摘要
Movable antenna (MA) technology has recently emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing the flexibility and performance of wireless systems by allowing antennas to dynamically adjust their spatial positions within a confined region. Meanwhile, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has attracted significant attention as a key technology for next-generation wireless networks, aiming to integrate communication and sensing within a shared hardware and spectral framework. By leveraging the additional spatial degrees of freedom offered by MA, MA-enabled ISAC systems provide new opportunities to enhance both communication performance and sensing accuracy. However, the integration of MA into ISAC also poses new challenges in parameter estimation and security. In this tutorial, we provide a comprehensive overview of MA-enabled ISAC systems, with a particular focus on their fundamentals, parameter estimation, and security issues. First, we introduce the basic principles of MA and ISAC, and review representative MA-enabled ISAC systems and their potential applications. Then, we establish unified mathematical models for communication and sensing, and systematically review representative channel and sensing parameter estimation methods tailored to MA-enabled ISAC systems. Numerical comparisons are provided to illustrate the characteristics and performance of different estimation methods. Furthermore, we investigate the security issues of MA-enabled ISAC systems, introduce the fundamentals of physical-layer security (PLS), and summarize how the spatial reconfigurability of MAs can be exploited to enhance the security of ISAC systems. Representative case studies are presented to demonstrate the performance gains of MA-enabled secure ISAC systems. Finally, we identify several open issues and future research directions toward practical MA-enabled ISAC systems.
