发表机构
Univ. of Arizona（亚利桑那大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
BuildGraph提出一个合成建筑知识图谱数据集，覆盖120栋建筑和多种原型，通过SPARQL基准和文本到SPARQL实验验证其结构完整性和现实性，为建筑分析提供开放测试平台。
AI 中文摘要
建筑知识图谱（KG）的语义查询支撑着人工智能在建筑运营中的集成，从自然语言访问到跨建筑分析，但由于专有性、安全性和成本障碍，此类知识图谱很少公开。BuildGraph是一个合成建筑知识图谱数据集，包含Brick Schema本体中的120栋建筑，基于美国能源部原型模型和真实建筑的传感器布置模式。它涵盖三个ASHRAE能源规范年代的八种商业建筑类型，每种原型有五种实现，在URI命名、传感器连接谓词和拓扑结构上有所变化。一个75查询的SPARQL基准验证了结构完整性：BuildGraph达到91.5%的查询可回答率，而59个真实Brick文件的查询可回答率为35.8%。独立地，它在其共享词汇上再现了真实建筑的传感器类型比例（余弦相似度0.86-0.94），证明了在可测量处的现实仪器配置。一个使用Gemma 4（26B）的下游文本到SPARQL实验在12个保留建筑上达到27.3%的行匹配F1分数（比零样本提高17.5个百分点）。BuildGraph为设施管理者和数字孪生开发者提供了一个可移植分析和自然语言界面的测试平台，其数据集、生成器和基准可在https://this URL公开获取。
英文摘要
Semantic querying of building knowledge graphs (KGs) underpins the integration of artificial intelligence into building operations, from natural-language access to cross-building analytics, but such KGs are rarely public owing to proprietary, security, and cost barriers. BuildGraph is a synthetic building KG dataset of 120 buildings in the Brick Schema ontology, grounded in U.S. Department of Energy prototype models and sensor-placement patterns from real buildings. It spans eight commercial building types across three ASHRAE energy-code vintages, with five realizations per archetype varying URI naming, sensor-attachment predicates, and topology. A 75-query SPARQL benchmark confirms structural completeness: BuildGraph reaches 91.5% Query Answerability Rate versus 35.8% for 59 real-world Brick files. Independently, it reproduces real buildings' sensor-type proportions on their shared vocabulary (cosine 0.86-0.94), evidence of realistic instrumentation where measurable. A downstream text-to-SPARQL experiment with Gemma 4 (26B) reaches 27.3% Row-Matching F1 (+17.5 pp over zero-shot) on 12 held-out buildings. BuildGraph gives facility managers and digital-twin developers a testbed for portable analytics and natural-language interfaces, and its dataset, generator, and benchmark are openly available at https://github.com/humanbuildingsynergy/BuildGraph.
Comments22 pages, 3 figures. Data paper. Dataset, generator, and 75-query SPARQL benchmark openly available at https://github.com/humanbuildingsynergy/BuildGraph and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20015123
