发表机构
Louisiana State University（路易斯安那州立大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对多租户量子处理器中相干串扰与校准漂移难以区分的问题，提出基于残差泡利转移矩阵的结构验证框架，证明交叉权重特征的可观测性并设计检测器，模拟验证了检测阈值与缩放行为。
AI 中文摘要
多租户量子处理器暴露了一个脉冲级攻击面，其中相干串扰可以在匹配的平均门保真度下模仿良性的校准漂移。我们提出了一种基于残差泡利转移矩阵（PTM）的结构验证与检测框架。我们证明了局部幺正、迹保持信道的乘积不能混合权重为1和权重为2的泡利算子，即使在任意强度或轴上的相干漂移下也是如此。基于已有的PTM到哈密顿量的关系，我们证明了对于任意大系统中任何指定的量子比特对，从其九个相互作用系数到反对称交叉权重特征的一阶映射是一个等距映射（按比例缩放）。因此，每个相互作用方向在恒等附近都是局部可观测的。我们还展示了在大局部旋转下该特征的抵消，并证明了完整交叉权重范数在局部幺正复合下是不变的，提供了一种结构性对策。对于校准后的小局部旋转，共享的随机泡利测量支持使用评估的反对称检测器进行周期性验证。在模拟中，$16{,}384$个随机设置产生检测阈值$\lambda_{\min}\approx0.13$，在$5\\%$校准的假阳性目标下，并且大约以$M^{-1/2}$的规模随设置数量$M$变化。进一步的实验表征了在弛豫、去极化、原生ZZ波动和时间相关脉冲动力学下的检测。最后，使用泡利图量子Hadamard边缘检测的FRQI编码以数值精度重现了经典结构边缘分数。
英文摘要
Multi-tenant quantum processors expose a pulse-level attack surface in which coherent crosstalk can mimic benign calibration drift at matched average gate infidelity. We present a structural verification and detection framework based on the residual Pauli transfer matrix (PTM). We prove that products of local unital, trace-preserving channels cannot mix weight-1 and weight-2 Pauli operators, even under coherent drift of arbitrary strength or axis. Building on established PTM-to-Hamiltonian relations, we prove that, for any specified qubit pair in an arbitrarily large system, the first-order map from its nine interaction coefficients to the antisymmetric cross-weight feature is an isometry up to scale. Thus, every interaction direction is locally observable near the identity. We also exhibit cancellation of this feature under large local rotations and prove that the full cross-weight norm is invariant under local unitary composition, providing a structural countermeasure. For calibrated small local rotations, shared randomized-Pauli measurements support periodic verification using the evaluated antisymmetric detector. In simulation, $16{,}384$ randomized settings yield a detection threshold of $λ_{\min}\approx0.13$ at a $5\%$ calibrated false-positive target, with approximately $M^{-1/2}$ scaling in the number of settings $M$. Further experiments characterize detection under relaxation, depolarization, native ZZ fluctuations, and time-dependent pulse dynamics. Finally, an FRQI encoding with Pauli-graph quantum Hadamard edge detection reproduces the classical structural edge score to numerical precision.
CommentsAccepted for publication in the 2027 IEEE International Symposium on Hardware Oriented Security and Trust (HOST 2027)
