发表机构
Yau Mathematical Sciences Center, Tsinghua University; Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford; Nanyang Quantum Hub, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University; Quantum Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute (TII); School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London（清华大学丘成桐数学科学中心; 牛津大学克拉伦登实验室; 南洋理工大学物理与数学科学学院南洋量子枢纽; 技术创新研究所量子研究中心; 伦敦大学玛丽女王学院物理与化学学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出一种伪控制协议，通过干涉矩阵的秩来探测开放量子动力学的记忆维度下界，无需环境直接访问或完整层析，可灵活调节参数以揭示环境记忆特征。
AI 中文摘要
刻画开放量子动力学需要识别塑造系统演化的环境自由度。记忆维度定义为重现这种影响所需的最小有效记忆的大小，它量化了动力学相关的环境资源，并为比较不同多体环境提供了共同基础。在此，我们引入一种伪控制协议，将关于记忆维度的信息编码在实验可访问的干涉矩阵中，该矩阵的秩可认证该维度的下界，而无需直接访问环境或进行完整的进程张量层析。将该协议应用于量子多体环境，可灵活调节相互作用时间和间隔时间，揭示这些参数、环境动力学以及系统-环境相互作用如何塑造可探测的记忆。我们的方法为刻画开放量子动力学以及通过记忆特征探测系统-环境相互作用的结构提供了一种新的操作技术。
英文摘要
Characterising open quantum dynamics requires identifying the environmental degrees of freedom that shape the system's evolution. The memory dimension, defined as the size of the smallest effective memory needed to reproduce this influence, quantifies the dynamically relevant environmental resources and provides a common basis for comparing different many-body environments. Here we introduce a pseudo-control protocol that encodes information about the memory dimension in an experimentally accessible interference matrix, whose rank certifies a lower bound on this dimension without direct access to the environment or full process-tensor tomography. Applied to quantum many-body environments, the protocol allows flexible adjustment of the interaction and interval times, revealing how these parameters, environmental dynamics, and system-environment interactions shape detectable memory. Our approach provides a new operational technique for characterising open quantum dynamics and probing the structure of system-environment interactions through their memory signatures.
Comments32 pages, 24 figures
