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arXiv 2609.40279quant-ph

表面码中相干串扰的经典模拟

Classical simulation of coherent crosstalk in surface codes

  • Technology Innovation Institute (TII)(技术创新研究所)
  • Technical University of Munich(慕尼黑工业大学)
  • Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST)(慕尼黑量子科学与技术中心)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

Andrew S. Darmawan, Yelyzaveta Kolesnyk, Robert Koenig

AI总结:

本文提出多项式时间经典算法模拟表面码中相干最近邻ZZ串扰的综合征分布,并证明当同时存在单比特相干噪声时,除非多项式层级崩溃,否则高效经典采样不可能,通过连接至非平面图IQP电路输出分布实现。

AI中文摘要:

我们给出一个多项式时间的经典算法,该算法从被相干最近邻 $ZZ$ 串扰破坏的表面码状态的综合征分布中进行采样。我们的算法补充了已知的用于表面码中相干单量子比特错误的高效模拟算法。当单量子比特相干噪声和相干串扰同时存在时,我们发现了一个复杂性理论上的障碍,阻碍了高效模拟:除非多项式层级崩溃,否则不存在高效的经典算法来从综合征分布中采样,即使允许恒定的乘法误差。这是通过将相干噪声下的综合征分布与与非平面图相关的某些 IQP 电路的输出分布联系起来而获得的。

英文摘要:

We give a polynomial-time classical algorithm which samples from the syndrome distribution of a surface code state corrupted by coherent nearest-neighbor $ZZ$ crosstalk. Our algorithm complements the known efficient simulation algorithms for coherent single-qubit errors in the surface code. When both single-qubit coherent noise and coherent crosstalk are present, we find a complexity-theoretic obstruction to efficient simulation: unless the polynomial hierarchy collapses, there is no efficient classical algorithm for sampling from the syndrome distribution, even up to a constant multiplicative error. This is obtained by connecting the syndrome distribution under coherent noise to the output distribution of certain IQP circuits associated with a non-planar graph.

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