发表机构
RWTH Aachen University; TU Dortmund University（亚琛工业大学; 多特蒙德工业大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出开源WCET分析器LLTA，面向COTS微控制器，以简洁性、真实硬件运行、不健全结果报告和开源可用为目标，为ESP32-C6和MSP430(FR5994)生成WCET，并展示其用于实时系统实验教学的场景。
AI 中文摘要
为实时任务的最坏情况执行时间（WCET）推导一个安全的上界，对于硬实时系统至关重要。现有的许多WCET分析器要么是闭源的，要么无法为现有微控制器提供WCET。因此，很难为烧录到可用嵌入式硬件平台上的二进制文件获得可信的WCET上界，并观察该上界是否安全。为解决此问题，我们提出了LLTA，一个面向商用现货（COTS）微控制器的开源WCET分析器。LLTA的设计基于以下目标：简洁性（G1）、可在真实COTS硬件上运行（G2）、报告因编程或设备约束而可能不健全的结果（G3）、以及以无许可限制的开源形式提供（G4）。LLTA为广泛可用的ESP32-C6和MSP430(FR5994)生成WCET。本文系统地阐述了我们在这些目标指导下对LLTA的设计决策。为展示其易用性，我们提出了LLTA可用于实时系统实验室练习的场景。
英文摘要
Deriving a safe upper bound on the worst-case execution time (WCET) of a real-time task is essential for hard real-time systems. Many WCET analysers exist, but they are either (i) closed source or (ii) do not provide a WCET for an existing microcontroller. Hence, it is difficult to obtain a trustworthy WCET bound for the binary that is flashed to an available embedded hardware platform and to observe whether the bound is safe. To solve this, we present LLTA, an open-source WCET analyser for Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) microcontrollers. LLTA is designed based on the following goals: it is simple (G1), runs on real COTS hardware (G2), reports results that are unsound due to programming or device constraints (G3), and is available open-source without licensing complications (G4). LLTA generates WCETs for the ESP32-C6 and the MSP430(FR5994), which are broadly available. This paper systematically lays out our design decisions for LLTA with those goals in mind. To demonstrate its ease of use, we propose scenarios where LLTA can be used for lab exercises of real-time systems.
