FIREWALL：用于快速评估托卡马克壁面载荷及逃逸电子熔化问题的替代模型

中文摘要 AI 辅助

托卡马克破裂期间产生的逃逸电子束可在等离子体 facing 组件上沉积高度局域化的热载荷，构成熔化与损坏的严重风险。结合三维热力学响应建模的蒙特卡洛粒子输运模拟能够量化这种损坏，但计算成本过高，难以用于装置尺度评估和大规模场景扫描。我们提出了 FIREWALL（快速集成逃逸电子壁面载荷），一种替代模型，它结合了基于 Geant4 的体积能量沉积剖面数据库与每个壁面单元的一维热扩散求解器。FIREWALL 保留了撞击逃逸电子的能量和入射角分布，并预测详细三维壁面几何结构直至熔化阈值的时空温度演化。因此，FIREWALL 提供了一个快速的基于物理的框架，将全局逃逸电子模拟转化为全局壁面熔化预测，能够对破裂场景进行大规模筛选，同时将高保真且成本高昂的工作流引导至实际需要的有限壁面区域。

英文摘要

Runaway electron (RE) beams generated during tokamak disruptions can deposit highly localized heat loads on plasma-facing components, posing a serious risk of melting and damage. Monte Carlo particle transport simulations coupled with three-dimensional thermomechanical response modeling can quantify this damage but are too computationally demanding for device-scale assessments and extensive scenario scans. We present FIREWALL (Fast Integrated Runaway Electron WALL loads), a surrogate model that combines a database of \textsc{Geant4} volumetric energy-deposition profiles with a one-dimensional heat-diffusion solver for each wall element. FIREWALL retains the energy and incident angle distributions of impacting REs and predicts the spatiotemporal temperature evolution of detailed three-dimensional wall geometries up to the melting threshold. FIREWALL thus provides a fast physics-based framework for translating global RE simulations into global wall melting predictions, enabling large-scale screening of disruption scenarios while directing high-fidelity costly workflows to the limited wall regions where they are actually required.

发表机构

• Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics（马克斯·普朗克等离子体物理研究所）
• KTH Royal Institute of Technology（瑞典皇家理工学院）
• Chalmers University of Technology（查尔姆斯理工大学）

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