评估先进冲击缓解技术在青少年自行车头盔中降低脑震荡风险的效果

中文摘要 AI 辅助

先进自行车头盔技术在青少年特定冲击条件下的有效性仍不明确。我们评估了头盔技术如何影响头部运动学和脑震荡风险，以及头盔变形和头盔-头模相对旋转是否有助于防护。测试了六种青少年自行车头盔技术，包括两种传统EPS对照（FOAM-A、FOAM-B）和四种先进技术（CELL、SLIP、SLIDE、HYDRAULIC）。佩戴头盔的头模在三个位置受到冲击，使用25度砧座在2.9米/秒和45度砧座在5.2米/秒的条件下进行。量化了峰值线性加速度（PLA）、峰值旋转加速度（PRA）和YGAMBIT预测的脑震荡风险。立体高速摄像测量了砧座法向头模位移以近似头盔变形，以及头盔-头模相对旋转。头盔技术显著影响两种条件下的预测脑震荡风险。在2.9米/秒时，所有先进技术相对于FOAM-A降低了风险，而只有SLIDE和HYDRAULIC相对于FOAM-B降低了风险。在5.2米/秒时，所有先进技术相对于两种泡沫对照均降低了风险。HYDRAULIC在两种条件下产生最低风险，在2.9米/秒和5.2米/秒时相对于泡沫对照分别将平均风险降低了94-95%和77-78%。CELL、SLIP和SLIDE在两种条件下显著降低了PRA，而HYDRAULIC显著降低了PLA和PRA。更大的砧座法向头模位移与更低的PLA相关，更大的相对旋转与更低的PRA相关；两者独立地有助于降低预测的脑震荡风险。青少年自行车头盔中的先进技术可以降低青少年脑震荡风险，但有效性取决于冲击条件和缓解机制。最大化受控头盔变形和旋转解耦的设计可能在青少年相关冲击中提供稳健防护。

英文摘要

The efficacy of advanced cycling helmet technologies under youth-specific impact conditions remains unclear. We evaluated how helmet technologies affect head kinematics and concussion risk and whether helmet deformation and helmet-headform relative rotation contribute to protection. Six youth bicycle helmet technologies were tested, including two conventional EPS controls (FOAM-A, FOAM-B) and four advanced technologies (CELL, SLIP, SLIDE, HYDRAULIC). Helmeted headforms were impacted at three locations using a 25 degree anvil at 2.9 m/s, and a 45 degree anvil at 5.2 m/s. Peak linear acceleration (PLA), peak rotational acceleration (PRA), and YGAMBIT-predicted concussion risk were quantified. Stereo high-speed videography measured anvil-normal headform displacement to approximate helmet deformation, and helmet-headform relative rotation. Helmet technology significantly affected predicted concussion risk under both conditions. At 2.9 m/s, all advanced technologies reduced risk relative to FOAM-A, while only SLIDE and HYDRAULIC reduced risk relative to FOAM-B. At 5.2 m/s, all advanced technologies reduced risk relative to both foam controls. HYDRAULIC produced the lowest risk in both conditions, reducing mean risk by 94-95% and 77-78% relative to the foam controls at 2.9 and 5.2 m/s, respectively. CELL, SLIP, and SLIDE significantly reduced PRA across both conditions, whereas HYDRAULIC significantly reduced both PLA and PRA. Greater anvil-normal headform displacement was associated with lower PLA, and greater relative rotation with lower PRA; both independently contributed to lower predicted concussion risk. Advanced technologies in youth cycling helmets can reduce youth concussion risk, but effectiveness depends on impact condition and mitigation mechanism. Designs maximizing controlled helmet deformation and rotational decoupling may provide robust protection in youth-relevant impacts.

发表机构

• SoftShox
• Duke University（杜克大学）

机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。