发表机构
Nantes Université, École Centrale Nantes（南特大学，中央理工-南特学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对构网型逆变器在电压和频率跌落下的失步问题，提出瞬态触发构网型同步控制，利用端电压与功率差信号调节内角，经电磁暂态仿真验证，提升同步稳定性且无需额外调参。
AI 中文摘要
构网型（GFM）逆变器作为现代电力系统中传统同步发电机的有前景的替代方案正受到越来越多的关注。与传统同步发电机不同，GFM逆变器的过流能力有限，这使得它们在大扰动期间容易受损。在扰动（即电压和频率跌落）期间，GFM逆变器被推入限流运行以保护半导体开关。这导致GFM逆变器的内角加速并与电网其余部分失去同步。为解决这一局限，本文提出了一种瞬态触发构网型（TTGFM）同步控制，以增强电压和频率跌落下的同步稳定性性能。该方法使用两个反馈信号：端电压以及非饱和功率与饱和功率之差，来调整由GFM逆变器的功率同步环（PSL）生成的内角。这两个信号操纵内部参考角生成，起到虚拟制动机制的作用。该机制在电压和频率跌落期间限制角度加速，而无需额外的监控信号或需整定的参数。所提方法与两种最先进的同步增强方案进行了基准比较，并通过MATLAB/Simulink®中的电网动态等值（GDE）模型进行了高保真电磁暂态（EMT）仿真验证。开发了一个分析框架来推导同步失稳机制和稳定裕度的临界极限。GDE模型的泛化进一步表明，TTGFM控制不限于单一配置，而是适用于任何标准基准系统。
英文摘要
Grid-forming (GFM) inverters are gaining attention as a promising alternative for conventional synchronous generators in the modern power systems. Unlike conventional synchronous generators, GFM inverters have limited overcurrent capability that makes them vulnerable during large disturbances. During disturbances i.e., voltage and frequency dips, GFM inverters are pushed into current-limited operation to protect the semiconductor switches. This causes the internal angle of the GFM inverters to accelerate and lose synchronism with the rest of the grid. To address this limitation, this article proposes a transient triggering grid-forming (TTGFM) synchronization control to enhance the synchronization stability performance under voltage and frequency dips. This method uses two feedback signals; terminal voltage and the difference between unsaturated and saturated power to adjust the internal angle which is generated by power synchronization loop (PSL) of the GFM inverters. These two signals manipulates the internal reference angle generation that act as a virtual braking mechanism. This mechanism limits the angle acceleration during voltage and frequency dips without requiring an extra supervisory signal or parameters to tune. The proposed method is benchmarked against two state-of-the-art synchronization enhancement schemes and validated through high-fidelity electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulations with a grid dynamic equivalent (GDE) model in MATLAB/Simulink\textsuperscript{\textregistered}. An analytical framework is developed to derive the synchronization instability mechanism and the critical limits of the stability margins. Generalization of the GDE model further shows that the TTGFM control is not restricted to a single configuration but is applicable to any standard benchmark system.
