发表机构
Tel Aviv University(特拉维夫大学)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出新的生成子图构造,在$O(n^{1+1/k})$边数下将乘法拉伸改进至$O(\log k)$,并改进$k$-混合生成子图至$O(n^{1+1/k}+kn)$边,逼近最优界。
AI 中文摘要
对于 $n$ 个顶点的无向无权图 $G=(V,E)$ 和正整数 $k$,我们提出了新的生成子图构造,具有 $O_k(n^{1+1/k})$ 条边,对于所有距离 $d\le k$ 实现近乎最优的保证。具体来说,我们构造一个生成子图 $H\subseteq G$,具有 $O(n^{1+1/k}+(k+d\log d)n)$ 条边,确保原始距离至多为 $d$ 的任何点对满足 $\mathrm{dist}_H(u,v)\le 2k+O(d\log d)$。等价地,距离为 $d$ 的点对的乘法拉伸为 $2k/d+O(\log d)$。特别地,设置 $d=k/\log k$ 得到一个 $(O(\log k),O(k))$-生成子图,具有 $O(n^{1+1/k}+kn)$ 条边。作为比较,Ben-Levy 和 Parter (SODA'20) 对于每个固定的 $\varepsilon>0$ 和足够大的 $k$,获得了具有 $O_{\varepsilon,k}(n^{1+1/k})$ 条边的 $(O(k^\varepsilon),O_\varepsilon(k))$-生成子图。我们的结果将乘法拉伸从 $O(k^\varepsilon)$ 改进到 $O(\log k)$,同时保持加性项关于 $k$ 线性,使我们更接近 $(O(1),O(k))$-生成子图的目标。此外,Ben-Levy 和 Parter 对于每个固定的 $\varepsilon>0$,在距离 $d\le k^{1-\varepsilon}$ 时获得乘法拉伸 $O_\varepsilon(k/d)$,并在 $d\le\sqrt{k}/2$ 时获得显式界 $7k/d$。我们实现 $2k/d+O(\log d)$,当 $d=o(k/\log k)$ 时,这是 $(2+o(1))k/d$。我们的第二个结果是改进的 $k$-混合生成子图构造,它保证相邻点对的拉伸为 $2k-1$,非相邻点对的拉伸为 $k$。Parter 的原始构造使用 $O(k^2 n^{1+1/k})$ 条边;我们在 $O(n^{1+1/k}+kn)$ 条边下实现相同的保证,从 $n^{1+1/k}$ 项中移除了 $k^2$ 因子。对于每个固定的 $k$,在 Erdős 周长猜想下,我们的边界在常数因子内是最优的。
英文摘要
For an $n$-vertex undirected, unweighted graph $G=(V,E)$ and a positive integer $k$, we present new spanner constructions with $O_k(n^{1+1/k})$ edges that achieve nearly optimal guarantees for all distances $d\le k$. Specifically, we construct a spanner $H\subseteq G$ with $O(n^{1+1/k}+(k+d\log d)n)$ edges, ensuring that any pair at original distance at most $d$ satisfies $\mathrm{dist}_H(u,v)\le 2k+O(d\log d)$. Equivalently, the multiplicative stretch for pairs at distance $d$ is $2k/d+O(\log d)$. In particular, setting $d=k/\log k$ yields an $(O(\log k),O(k))$-spanner with $O(n^{1+1/k}+kn)$ edges. For comparison, Ben-Levy and Parter (SODA'20) obtained, for every fixed $\varepsilon>0$ and sufficiently large $k$, an $(O(k^\varepsilon),O_\varepsilon(k))$-spanner with $O_{\varepsilon,k}(n^{1+1/k})$ edges. Our result improves the multiplicative stretch from $O(k^\varepsilon)$ to $O(\log k)$ while keeping the additive term linear in $k$, bringing us closer to the goal of $(O(1),O(k))$-spanners. Furthermore, Ben-Levy and Parter obtained multiplicative stretch $O_\varepsilon(k/d)$ for distances $d\le k^{1-\varepsilon}$, for every fixed $\varepsilon>0$, and an explicit bound of $7k/d$ for $d\le\sqrt{k}/2$. We achieve $2k/d+O(\log d)$, which is $(2+o(1))k/d$ whenever $d=o(k/\log k)$. Our second result is an improved construction of $k$-hybrid spanners, which guarantee stretch $2k-1$ for adjacent pairs and $k$ for non-adjacent pairs. Parter's original construction uses $O(k^2 n^{1+1/k})$ edges; we achieve the same guarantees with $O(n^{1+1/k}+kn)$ edges, removing the $k^2$ factor from the $n^{1+1/k}$ term. For every fixed $k$, our edge bound is optimal up to a constant factor under Erdős' girth conjecture.
CommentsA preliminary version appeared in SODA 2026
Journal refProceedings of SODA 2026, pp. 3511-3535
DOI:10.1137/1.9781611978971.128