发表机构
University of Padua; The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn; INFN Sezione di Padova（帕多瓦大学; 阿卜杜斯·萨拉姆国际理论物理中心; 安东·多恩动物学站; 意大利国家核物理研究所帕多瓦分部）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过极简理论模型结合全球数据，揭示增长率波动与扩散的交互作用（以相关长度为特征）塑造浮游生物空间异质性，并统一局部变异性与宏观生态模式。
AI 中文摘要
浮游生物群落表现出普遍存在的种群分布和斑块状空间结构，然而驱动这些现象的基本机制仍存在争议。在此，我们从一种极简的理论描述中推导出这些规律，该描述纳入了增长率中的随机波动和有效的海洋扩散。我们结合全球宏条形码、显微镜和高分辨率叶绿素数据集，并表明空间相关性的衰减、泰勒定律的交叉区域、局部物种多样性和生物量分布的模式与共同的潜在动力学一致。这些结果表明，扩散性与波动增长率的交织效应（通过一个涌现的相关长度来刻画）塑造了从局部到长距离尺度的浮游生物空间异质性，将局部变异性与宏观生态模式相协调。
英文摘要
Planktonic communities exhibit ubiquitous population distributions and patchy spatial structures, yet the fundamental mechanisms driving them remain debated. Here, we derive these regularities from a minimalistic theoretical description that incorporates stochastic fluctuations in growth rates and effective ocean dispersal. We combine global metabarcoding, microscopy, and high-resolution chlorophyll datasets and show that the decay of spatial correlations, the crossover regimes of Taylor's law, the patterns of local species diversity and biomass distributions agree with common underlying dynamics. These results suggest that the intertwined effect of diffusivity and fluctuating growth rate, captured by an emergent correlation length, shapes plankton spatial heterogeneity from local to long-range scales, reconciling local variability with macroecological patterns.
