画笔隐藏的一面:由幂律塑造的几何形状
The hidden side of paintbrushes: a geometry shaped by power laws
- Université Paris-Saclay(巴黎萨克雷大学)
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides(法国国家科学研究中心,固体物理实验室)
- Univ Rennes(雷恩大学)
- CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)- UMR 6251(法国国家科学研究中心,雷恩物理研究所- UMR 6251)
- PMMH, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris(PM MH,法国国家科学研究中心,巴黎高等物理化工学院,巴黎文理研究大学,索邦大学,巴黎大学)
- Univ Bordeaux(波尔多大学)
- CNRS, LOMA, UMR 5798(法国国家科学研究中心,LOMA,UMR 5798)
- Mechanics Department, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris(巴黎理工学院,综合理工学院,力学系)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。
AI总结:
本研究通过分析数百支画笔,揭示了刷毛长度与直径间的普适标度律,并发现圆形画笔的颜料污渍大小仅取决于画家施加的力,阐明了画笔设计的物理原理及其对艺术技法的影响。
AI中文摘要:
自史前时代起,画家便使用由动物和植物材料制成的刷状工具将颜料涂覆于岩石表面。随着时间推移,制造画笔的技术不断演变,并趋向于优化的形状。我们对数百支画笔进行的研究揭示了普适的标度律。特别是,我们发现刷毛长度与直径之间的关系与刷毛末端的形状相关,这一关系决定了画笔在有颜料和无颜料情况下的机械响应。对于圆形画笔,我们发现颜料污渍的大小随压缩距离呈标度关系,这意味着它仅取决于画家施加的力,而与画笔的机械响应无关。这些结果揭示了支配画笔设计及其对艺术技法影响的潜在普适物理原理。
英文摘要:
Since prehistoric times, painters have used brush-like tools made from animal and plant materials to apply pigments to rock surfaces. Over time, techniques for creating brushes evolved, and converged towards optimized shapes. Our study performed over hundreds of brushes reveals universal scaling laws. In particular, we uncover a relation between bristle length and diameter linked to the shape of the bristle ends, which governs their mechanical response with and without paint. For round brushes, we found that the size of the paint stain scales with the compression distance, meaning it only depends on the force applied by the painter and not on the mechanical responses of the brushes. These results shed light on the underlying universal physical principles governing brush design and their impact on artistic techniques.