多馈源平面波发生器，用于具有联合角度-时延-多普勒控制的紧凑OTA多目标仿真

中文摘要 AI 辅助

空中（OTA）雷达目标仿真是评估集成感知与通信（ISAC）及雷达设备感知能力的重要方法。传统的单馈源紧凑天线测试场（CATR）通常仅限于单一目标方向，而雷达测试中常用的多馈源角度合成方法仍需要对被测设备（DUT）孔径进行远场照射。为克服这些限制，本文提出了一种基于多馈源平面波发生器（PWG）的雷达目标OTA仿真框架。其关键能力是同时仿真来自不同方向的空间邻近目标，并具有联合角度-距离-多普勒控制。目标距离通过相应的时延来仿真，而多普勒和复回波系数由信道仿真器控制。同时，多输入幅度和相位矩阵（APM）将每个独立的目标信号路径映射到专用的PWG激励向量，该向量在相同测试区域内合成相应的入射平面波。这使得多个目标方向能够在远小于传统远场要求的测试距离上作为局部平面波再现。该框架在3 GHz下使用真实的1×11相控阵DUT进行了实验验证。PWG与DUT的间距为1.6米，远小于DUT的7.2米夫琅禾费距离。在此间距下，合成的0°和10°入射波均表现出1.0 dB的幅度峰峰值误差。在四个目标角度-时延案例和两个目标角度-速度案例中，估计的目标参数显示角度偏差在1°以内，插值时延误差在2.4纳秒以内，速度误差在0.15米/秒以内。

英文摘要

Over-the-air (OTA) radar target emulation is an important method for evaluating the sensing capabilities of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) and radar devices. Conventional single-feed compact antenna test ranges (CATRs) are generally limited to a single target direction, while multi-feed angular-synthesis methods commonly used in radar testing still require far-field illumination over the device-under-test (DUT) aperture. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a radar target OTA emulation framework based on multi-feed plane wave generator (PWG). The key capability is the simultaneous emulation of spatially close targets from different directions with joint angle--range--Doppler control. Target range is emulated through the corresponding delay, while Doppler and the complex echo coefficient are controlled by a channel emulator. Meanwhile, a multi-input amplitude and phase matrix (APM) maps each independent target-signal path to a dedicated PWG excitation vector that synthesizes the corresponding incident plane wave over the same test zone. This enables multiple target directions to be reproduced as local plane waves at a test distance substantially shorter than the conventional far-field requirement. The framework is experimentally validated at 3~GHz using a real $1\times11$ phased-array DUT. The PWG--DUT separation is 1.6~m, substantially shorter than the 7.2~m Fraunhofer distance of the DUT. At this separation, the synthesized $0^{\circ}$ and $10^{\circ}$ incident waves each exhibit an amplitude peak-to-peak error of 1.0~dB. Across two four-target angle--delay cases and one two-target angle--velocity case, the estimated target parameters show angular deviations within $1^{\circ}$, interpolated delay errors within 2.4~ns, and velocity errors within 0.15~m/s.

发表机构

• National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University（东南大学信息科学与工程学院国家移动通信实验室）
• Purple Mountain Laboratories（紫金山实验室）

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