成像拓扑超导体中的相位缠绕：使用叉尖约瑟夫森扫描隧道显微镜
Imaging phase winding in topological superconductors with a fork-tip Josephson STM
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
提出用叉尖约瑟夫森STM探测拓扑超导体中的相位缠绕，通过双尖端干涉仪对相位差敏感，数值模拟表明可重构序参量的幅度和相位，解决直接探测相位缠绕的长期难题。
AI中文摘要：
拓扑超导体中的复相位缠绕仍然难以通过常规实空间探针进行探测。我们提出了一种方案，利用杂质附近的叉尖约瑟夫森扫描隧道显微镜（STM）来探测这种缠绕，其中两个超导尖端形成一个干涉仪，对两个位置之间的相位差敏感。即使叉尖与样品之间的相对相位发生波动，信号仍然可获取，为拓扑超导性的局域相位敏感STM探针建立了一条路径。我们数值计算了干涉图样，以证明序参量的幅度和相位可以作为角度的函数被重构，为解决直接探测拓扑超导体中相位缠绕这一长期存在的开放实验问题提供了途径。
英文摘要：
The complex phase winding in a topological superconductor remains challenging to access by conventional real-space probes. We propose a scheme to probe this winding with a fork-tip Josephson STM near an impurity, where two superconducting tips form an interferometer sensitive to phase differences between two positions. The signal remains accessible even if the relative phase between the fork-tip and sample fluctuates, establishing a route towards a local phase-sensitive STM probe of topological superconductivity. We numerically compute the interference pattern to demonstrate that the magnitude and phase of the order parameter can be reconstructed as a function of angle, providing a route towards resolving the longstanding open experimental problem of directly detecting phase winding in topological superconductors.
