冷 $^{133}\ ext{Cs}$ 原子在光学纳米光纤附近高效双光子激发过程中的表面诱导光谱展宽
Surface-Induced Spectral Broadening during Efficient Two-Photon Excitation of Cold $^{133}\text{Cs}$ Atoms near an Optical Nanofiber
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- Shanxi University（山西大学）
- ICIQ Research（ICIQ研究院）
- Universidad de Concepción（康塞普西翁大学）
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究在冷原子云中利用光学纳米光纤，以低功率实现了铯原子双光子跃迁，观测到表面诱导的光谱不对称展宽，并建立了理论模型，揭示了波导修正辐射动力学与表面相互作用的关联，为波导量子电动力学研究提供了新见解。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们报告了在冷原子云中嵌入光学纳米光纤时，以低激发功率实验观测到 $^{\ ext{133}}$Cs 6S$_{\ ext{1/2}}$ 到 6D$_{\ ext{5/2}}$ 的单频双光子跃迁。我们研究了由纳米光纤表面诱导相互作用修正的 917 nm 荧光光谱，该光谱表现出显著的不对称展宽，并带有明显的红移尾。我们提出了纳米光纤表面附近原子双光子跃迁过程的系统性理论描述，考虑了原子角动量耦合、导模衰减率和表面诱导的范德华相互作用。由于导模倏逝场提供的紧密空间约束，在低至数十微瓦的激发功率下实现了高效非线性激发，相对于典型的自由空间实现，功率降低了约四个数量级。我们的工作揭示了波导修正的辐射动力学、表面诱导相互作用以及纳米光纤周围原子空间分布之间的相互作用，并为波导量子电动力学系统中非线性光学跃迁和表面介导的原子动力学进一步研究提供了见解。
英文摘要
We report the experimental observation of the $^{\text{133}}$Cs 6S$_{\text{1/2}}$ to 6D$_{\text{5/2}}$ single-frequency two-photon transition at low excitation power using an optical nanofiber embedded in a cold atom cloud. We investigate the 917 nm fluorescence spectra modified by the surface-induced interaction of the nanofiber, which exhibits a pronounced asymmetric broadening with a distinct red-shifted tail. We present a systematic theoretical description of the two-photon transition process of atoms near a nanofiber surface, considering atomic angular momentum coupling, guided-mode decay rate, and surface-induced van der Waals interactions. Owing to the tight spatial confinement provided by the guided evanescent field, efficient nonlinear excitation is realized at excitation powers down to tens of microwatts, corresponding to a reduction of approximately four orders of magnitude relative to typical free-space implementations. Our work reveals the interplay among waveguide-modified radiative dynamics, surface-induced interactions, and the spatial distribution of atoms around the nanofiber, and provides insights into further studies on nonlinear optical transitions and surface-mediated atomic dynamics in waveguide quantum electrodynamics systems.
