圆里德伯原子间的长时自旋交换相互作用
Spin-exchange interactions between circular Rydberg atoms over long times
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究观测到激光囚禁圆里德伯原子间超过60微秒的自旋交换相互作用，首次记录自旋-运动耦合，并提出动态去耦方法，为长时间量子模拟开辟新途径。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
激发到里德伯能级的中性原子阵列已成为量子计算与量子模拟最有前景的平台之一。为了有望超越经典设备，原子数量已提升了数个数量级。然而，相互作用时间，即原子与其邻居相互作用的最大累积时间，一直被限制在仅几微秒。这限制了每个原子可执行的门操作数量，或阻碍了量子多体系统长时间动力学的模拟。在此，我们观测到编码在激光囚禁的圆里德伯原子中的两个自旋1/2之间的自旋交换相互作用，持续时间超过60微秒，并经历了40个自旋振荡周期，将现有技术水平提高了一个数量级。这些前所未有的时间尺度使我们能够在弱原子囚禁条件下记录由自旋-运动耦合引起的自旋交换振荡对比度的崩塌与复兴。我们的结果构成了对激光囚禁里德伯原子中这种耦合的首次观测。为了抵消其对量子模拟的不利影响，我们展示了一种新颖的动态去耦方法，该方法能防止自旋振荡的崩塌。该方法利用了最近开发的混合平台的优势，该平台能够利用辅助里德伯原子对长寿命圆里德伯原子进行测量和光学操控。这项工作为强相互作用多体系统的长时间量子模拟开辟了直接途径。
英文摘要
Arrays of neutral atoms excited to Rydberg levels have emerged as one of the most promising platforms for quantum computation and simulation. With the hope to outperform classical devices, the number of atoms has been increased by orders of magnitude. However, the interaction time, i.e., the maximum accumulated time during which an atom interacts with its neighbours, has been limited to a few microseconds only. This restrains the number of gates per atom or prevents the simulation of long-time dynamics of quantum many-body systems. Here, we observe the spin-exchange interaction between two spin 1/2s encoded in laser-trapped circular Rydberg atoms over more than $60μs$ and 40 spin-oscillation periods, improving the state of the art by an order of magnitude. These unprecedented timescales allow us to record for weak atomic trapping a collapse and revival of the spin-exchange oscillation contrast induced by spin-motion coupling. Our results constitute the first observation of this coupling with laser-trapped Rydberg atoms. To counteract its detrimental effect for quantum simulation, we demonstrate a novel dynamical decoupling method that prevents the collapse of the spin oscillations. This method exploits the advantages of our recently developed hybrid platform that enables the measurement and the optical manipulation of long-lived circular Rydberg atoms with auxiliary Rydberg atoms. This work opens a direct route to long-duration quantum simulation of strongly-interacting many-body systems.
发表机构
- Pasqal（帕斯卡尔）
- Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Collège de France, CNRS, ENS-Université PSL, Sorbonne Université（卡斯勒-布罗塞尔实验室，法兰西公学院，法国国家科学研究中心，巴黎文理研究大学，索邦大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
