反向缠绕S形Aharonov-Bohm干涉仪中的旋转对称性与共模相位漂移
Rotational symmetry and common-mode phase drift in a counter-wound S-shaped Aharonov--Bohm interferometer
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究通过三维散射计算证明反向缠绕S形Aharonov-Bohm干涉仪对共模磁通偏移具有旋转对称性导致的平稳性，实验需少模相干输运与校准磁通控制。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们研究了一个三维InAs Aharonov-Bohm波导中的共磁通偏移，该波导由两个曲率相反的四分之一圆弯曲构成。每个弯曲包含一个贯穿开口，将两个导电臂分开，并包围一个独立指定的磁通。对于自旋无关、两端口的模型，在理想受限磁通下，微观可逆性和交换完整模块的旋转意味着$\mathcal{T}(\phi_1,\phi_2)=\mathcal{T}(-\phi_2,-\phi_1)$。因此，反向缠绕结构对共模偏移是平稳的，而同向缠绕结构对差分偏移是平稳的。这一约束并不要求所有干涉相位都抵消，并且它扩展到垂直于波导平面的空间均匀环境磁场，即使该磁场也穿透导体。在$R=350$ nm和$E_F\simeq 7.283$ meV下的三维散射计算保留了三个开放轨道铅模和开口处的强反射。最精细采样的反向缠绕扫描的可见度约为3.56%；将网格参照到共同阈值，估计连续可见度为2.6-2.9%。响应系数随能量变化强烈，而100 mK的电子温度保留了约98%的可见度。对于弱、纯共模高斯相位噪声，主要的透射方差是噪声振幅的四次方，而平均位移保持二次方。磁通不平衡和非对称标量势恢复线性响应；对称标量无序保持平稳性但不保证高透射。所提出的实验测试需要少模相干输运、校准的磁通控制，以及其泄漏场和自旋相关项被明确评估的磁源设计。
英文摘要
We study common flux offsets in a three-dimensional InAs Aharonov-Bohm waveguide formed by two quarter-circle bends of opposite curvature. Each bend contains a through-opening that separates two conducting arms and encloses an independently specified flux. For a spin-independent, two-terminal model with ideal confined fluxes, microreversibility and a rotation exchanging the complete modules imply $\mathcal{T}(ϕ_1,ϕ_2)=\mathcal{T}(-ϕ_2,-ϕ_1)$. The counter-wound configuration is therefore stationary against common offsets, while the same-winding configuration is stationary against differential offsets. This constraint does not require cancellation of every interference phase, and it extends to a spatially uniform ambient field perpendicular to the plane of the guide, even though that field also penetrates the conductor. Three-dimensional scattering calculations at $R=350$ nm and $E_F\simeq 7.283$ meV retain three open orbital lead modes and strong reflection at the openings. The finest sampled counter-wound sweep has a visibility of approximately 3.56%; referring the grids to a common threshold gives an estimated continuum visibility of 2.6-2.9%. The response coefficients vary strongly with energy, while a 100 mK electron temperature retains about 98% of the visibility. For weak, purely common Gaussian phase noise, the leading transmission variance is quartic in noise amplitude, whereas the mean shift remains quadratic. Flux imbalance and asymmetric scalar potentials restore a linear response; symmetric scalar disorder preserves stationarity without guaranteeing high transmission. The proposed experimental test requires few-mode coherent transport, calibrated flux controls, and a magnetic-source design whose leakage fields and spin-dependent terms are assessed explicitly.
发表机构
- Yildiz Technical University（伊尔迪兹理工大学）
- Atlas University（阿特拉斯大学）
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