发表机构
Lund University; ViaEuropa Sverige AB; Global Urban Development; University of California, Berkeley; Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University; Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University; Johns Hopkins University; Blekinge Institute of Technology; Chalmers University of Technology; US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Science and Resilience Institute at Jamaica Bay; Brooklyn College; City University of New York（隆德大学; ViaEuropa瑞典有限公司; 全球城市发展; 加州大学伯克利分校; 斯坦福大学迪尔可持续发展学院; 斯坦福大学伍兹环境研究所; 约翰斯·霍普金斯大学; 布莱金厄理工学院; 查尔姆斯理工大学; 美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院; 牙买加湾科学与韧性研究所; 布鲁克林学院; 纽约市立大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文提出一个定量仿真框架来评估去中心化能源网络EnergyNet的性能，通过优化能量分配与交换，并在多个案例中验证其可靠性，包括斯坦福校园微电网和瑞典隆德在建网络。
AI 中文摘要
电力传输和分配基础设施将发电与消费者连接起来。极端天气、基础设施故障和地缘政治冲突日益频繁地中断这些连接，导致大量群体在服务恢复前无电可用。本地发电、储能和可控负荷既带来挑战，也提供了组织能源系统的新方式。EnergyNet是一种由互联的电力电子能源路由器组成的去中心化架构。每个路由器协调本地负荷、发电、储能和电网连接。双向能源链路支持路由器之间的能量交换，而能源协议则通信需求和可用性以协调传输。EnergyNet可以在有或没有公共电网的情况下运行。本文开发了一个用于建模和评估EnergyNet的定量框架。该框架表示拓扑、优先级负荷、发电、储能、电网连接、链路和组件限制。后退时域优化计算能量分配和交换，并支持扰动和可靠性分析。一个三路由器案例说明了能量共享和孤岛运行。该框架随后对斯坦福大学校园微电网和半月湾的一个离网微电网进行了建模。在低日照条件下，电动公交访问支持离网微电网，同时保持交通服务。最后，本文对瑞典隆德正在建设的一个EnergyNet进行了建模，该网络包含十栋建筑和278套公寓。在夏季和冬季以及在一个电网接口或能源链路丢失后，保持全面服务。丢失两条链路会使网络分区；岛内服务取决于本地资源和修复时间。可靠性筛选将分区识别为罕见但可信的事件。蒙特卡洛分析显示，在采样的夏季条件下，关键服务完全可用，冬季的中位连续关键服务约为92%。
英文摘要
Power transmission and distribution infrastructure connects generation with consumers. Extreme weather, infrastructure failures, and geopolitical conflicts increasingly disrupt these connections, leaving large groups without electricity until service is restored. Local generation, storage, and controllable loads pose challenges but also enable new ways to organize energy systems. EnergyNet is a decentralized architecture of interconnected power electronic Energy Routers. Each coordinates local loads, generation, storage, and grid connections. Bidirectional Energy Links enable exchange between routers, while the Energy Protocol communicates needs and availability to coordinate transfers. EnergyNet can operate with or without the public grid. This paper develops a quantitative framework for modeling and evaluating EnergyNet. It represents topology, prioritized loads, generation, storage, grid connections, links, and component limits. Receding-horizon optimization calculates energy allocation and exchange, supporting also disturbance and reliability analysis. A three-router case illustrates energy sharing and islanded operation. The framework then models a Stanford University campus microgrid and an off-grid microgrid in Half Moon Bay. Under low-solar conditions, electric bus visits support the off-grid microgrid while preserving transport service. Finally, the paper models an EnergyNet under construction in Lund, Sweden, comprising ten buildings and 278 apartments. Full service is maintained in summer and winter and after the loss of one grid interface or Energy Link. Losing two links partitions the network; service in the island depends on local resources and repair time. Reliability screening identifies partitioning as rare but credible. Monte Carlo analysis shows full critical service in sampled summer conditions and median continuous critical service of approximately 92% in winter.
