发表机构
Carnegie Mellon University(卡内基梅隆大学)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文简化了背包、子集和与最小加卷积的算法,通过划分物品和限制修正范围降低复杂度,并改进了多维子集和的期望时间界限。
AI 中文摘要
我们简化了背包、输出敏感的子集和以及近凸最小加卷积的算法。对于有界背包,我们给出一个确定性算法,使用 O(N+W^2\log^3(W+2)) 次算术和比较运算,其中 W 是最大物品重量,N 统计具有二进制编码重数的输入记录数。遵循 Bringmann 的方法,我们对物品进行划分,并在将贪心解修正为最优解时,限制每个部分内增加或移除的重量。这些界限使得动态规划表保持较小。同样的分析给出了以最大利润代替重量时的相应界限。对于多选背包,我们给出一个随机化算法,复杂度为 \widetilde O(N+w^2\min\{r,w\}),其中 N 统计备选方案数,r 统计类别数,w 是类别内最大重量范围。随机分组类别利用了正负重量变化之间的抵消。对于任意固定维度 d 中 n 个非负整数向量的子集和,我们获得期望时间 \widetilde O(n+s\sqrt n),其中 s 统计目标盒子中可达和的数量。以高概率,所有和都在同一界限内返回。这改进了 Bringmann、Fischer 和 Nakos 对于 d>1 的 \widetilde O(n+s n^{d/(d+1)}) 界限。关键步骤是在盒子内计算和集,而不生成可能大得多的无限制和集。最后,我们简化了总长度为 N 的整数数组的最小加卷积的 \widetilde O(N(D+1)) 算法,其中 D 是它们相对于凸数组的最大偏差之和。偏差可能显著改变最小化对,但将相关候选值限制在短区间内。
英文摘要
We simplify algorithms for Knapsack, output-sensitive Subset Sum, and near-convex min-plus convolution. For bounded Knapsack, we give a deterministic algorithm using $O(N+W^2\log^3(W+2))$ arithmetic and comparison operations, where $W$ is the maximum item weight and $N$ counts input records with binary-encoded multiplicities. Following Bringmann's approach, we partition the items and bound the weight added or removed within each part when correcting a greedy solution to an optimum. These bounds keep the dynamic-programming tables small. The same analysis gives the corresponding bound with maximum profit in place of weight. For multiple-choice Knapsack, we give a randomized $\widetilde O(N+w^2\min\{r,w\})$ algorithm, where $N$ counts alternatives, $r$ counts classes, and $w$ is the maximum within-class weight range. Randomly grouping classes exploits cancellation between positive and negative weight changes. For Subset Sum of $n$ nonnegative integer vectors in any fixed dimension $d$, we obtain expected time $\widetilde O(n+s\sqrt n)$, where $s$ counts attainable sums in the target box. With high probability, all sums are returned within the same bound. This improves the $\widetilde O(n+s n^{d/(d+1)})$ bound of Bringmann, Fischer, and Nakos for $d>1$. The key step computes a sumset inside a box without generating the potentially much larger unrestricted sumset. Finally, we simplify the $\widetilde O(N(D+1))$ algorithm for min-plus convolution of integer arrays of total length $N$, where $D$ is the sum of their maximum deviations above convex arrays. The deviations can change the minimizing pairs substantially, but restrict relevant candidate values to short intervals.