发表机构
California Institute of Technology; NRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics; University of Victoria; University of California, Santa Barbara; University of California, Los Angeles; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology（加州理工学院; 加拿大国家研究委员会赫茨伯格天文学与天体物理学研究所; 维多利亚大学; 加利福尼亚大学圣塔芭芭拉分校; 加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校; 加州理工学院喷气推进实验室; 麻省理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究利用Hipparcos和Gaia天体测量数据，在已知系外行星系统中识别出29个外巨行星候选体，并为其后续RV监测和联合轨道分析提供了高优先级目标。
AI 中文摘要
外巨行星能够影响其行星系统的形成和动力学演化。然而，它们较长的轨道周期使得通过凌星法和径向速度（RV）技术难以探测。来自Hipparcos、Gaia DR2和DR3（G23H）的测量数据可以在Gaia DR4历元天体测量数据发布之前，探测到由遥远伴星引起的恒星反射运动。利用G23H星表，我们在已知的凌星和RV系统中识别出29个外伴星候选体（$a_{median}$ $>$ 8.4 AU）。从170个具有$P(\n\nmathrm{companion})>0.75$且后验支持$0.3$--$13\,M_{\ m J}$伴星的系外行星宿主恒星出发，我们保留了29个系统，其中每个选定的组成部分的中位半长轴都超出已知最外层行星，且每个已知行星的质量和半长轴均位于其95%最高后验密度区域之外。我们结合文献中已发表的RV和成像数据，进一步约束外候选体的质量和半长轴。在样本中的八个系统中，文献中已报道了RV变化或趋势。所报告的候选体可能解释这些RV变化，但需要进行天体测量和RV联合拟合，以确定是否是同一伴星产生了这两种信号。这些结果为进一步的RV监测和与Gaia DR4的联合轨道分析提供了一组高优先级目标。如果这些伴星得到确认，其轨道约束将为研究它们对已知内行星动力学演化的影响提供起点。
英文摘要
Outer giant planets can influence the formation and dynamical evolution of their planetary systems. However, their long orbital periods make them difficult to detect using transit and radial velocity (RV) techniques. Measurements from Hipparcos, Gaia DR2 and DR3 (G23H) can detect the stellar reflex motion induced by distant companions before the release of Gaia DR4 epoch astrometry. Using the G23H catalogue, we identify 29 outer companion candidates ($a_{median}$ $>$ 8.4 AU) in known transiting and RV systems. Starting from 170 exoplanet hosts with $P(\mathrm{companion})>0.75$ and posterior support for $0.3$--$13\,M_{\rm J}$ companions, we retain 29 systems where each selected component has a median semi-major axis beyond the outermost known planet with every known planet outside its 95\% highest posterior density region in mass and semi-major axis. We incorporate published RV and imaging data from the literature to further constrain the outer candidate's mass and semi-major axis. In eight systems present in the sample, an RV variation or trend has already been reported in the literature. The reported candidates could potentially explain these RV variations, but joint astrometric and RV fits are needed to establish whether the same companions produce both signals. These results provide a set of high priority targets for further RV monitoring and joint orbit analysis with Gaia DR4. If these companions are confirmed, their orbital constraints will provide a starting point for studies of their influence on the dynamical evolution of the known inner planets.
Comments34 figures, 35 pages. Submitted to AJ. Comments are welcome
