发表机构
Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad（印度理工学院海得拉巴分校）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究建立了测量不相容性与Margenau-Hill准概率分布正性之间的操作性等价关系，并提出了干涉仪实验方案以直接测试不相容性。
AI 中文摘要
测量不相容性和准概率分布的负性都展示了非经典性的特征。然而，它们之间的关系在很大程度上仍然是定性的，尚未建立明确的操作性联系。我们提供了测量不相容性与两个二分可观测变量相关的Margenau-Hill（MH）准概率分布之间的操作性联系。我们首先推导了任意有限维度$d$中任何一对二分可观测变量的联合可测性（测量兼容性）条件。然后，我们严格证明了在维度$d$中，对于任何一对非锐二分测量，MH分布的正性与联合可测性等价，即MH分布为正当且仅当测量是联合可测的。我们进一步引入了任意有限维度中$n$个二分非锐可观测变量的类MH准概率分布，并推导了当可观测变量相互反交换时联合可测性的充分条件。最后，我们提出了一种受量子开关架构启发的干涉仪设置，该设置直接重建MH准概率，从而提供了不相容性的测试。
英文摘要
Measurement incompatibility and the negativity of quasi-probability distributions both demonstrate the signature of nonclassicality. However, their relations largely remained qualitative, and no explicit operational connection has been established. We provide an operational link between measurement incompatibility and the Margenau-Hill(MH) quasi-probability distribution associated with two dichotomic observables. { We first derive the joint measurability (measurement compatibility) condition for any pair of dichotomic observables in arbitrary finite dimension $d$.} We then rigorously prove that for any pair of unsharp dichotomic measurements in dimension $d$, the positivity of the MH distribution is equivalent to joint measurability \emph{i.e.}, the MH distribution is positive \emph{if and only if} the measurements are jointly measurable. We further introduce the MH-like quasi-probability distribution for $n$ dichotomic unsharp observables in arbitrary finite dimension and derive a sufficient condition of joint-measurability when the observables are mutually anticommuting. Finally, we propose an interferometric setup, inspired by quantum-switch architectures, that directly reconstructs MH quasi-probability which in turn provides a test of incompatibility.
