发表机构
School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学物理与天文学院; 上海交通大学航空航天学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究探讨自相互作用暗物质对极端质量比旋进动力学及引力波相位的影响，提出修正动力学摩擦模型，发现其增强旋进并产生显著相位偏差，为LISA探测暗物质提供新途径。
AI 中文摘要
极端质量比旋进（EMRIs）通过其长时标引力波信号，为探测大质量黑洞周围的暗物质环境提供了有前景的途径。在本工作中，我们研究了自相互作用暗物质（SIDM）对EMRI动力学和引力波相位演化的影响。受SIDM碰撞玻尔兹曼描述的启发，我们构建了对传统钱德拉塞卡动力学摩擦力的领头阶有效修正，该修正由动量转移截面$\sigma_T$和无量纲碰撞参数$n_\chi\sigma_T r=r/\lambda_{\rm mfp}$控制。随后，我们计算了由此产生的轨道演化、波形修正以及累积的引力波去相。在我们考虑的增强阻力区间内，增加SIDM自相互作用强度会增加有效动力学摩擦力，加速旋进，并相对于无碰撞暗物质情形产生逐渐增大的相位偏差。我们进一步区分了相对于真空的总暗物质引起的去相与由暗物质自相互作用具体产生的额外相位修正。我们的结果表明，EMRIs的累积引力波相位可能对暗物质的微观动量转移性质敏感，这表明未来天基探测器如LISA可能为探测大质量黑洞附近的SIDM提供互补途径。
英文摘要
Extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) provide a promising probe of the dark matter environment surrounding massive black holes through their long-duration gravitational-wave signals. In this work, we investigate the influence of self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) on EMRI dynamics and gravitational-wave phase evolution. Motivated by the collisional Boltzmann description of SIDM, we construct a leading-order effective correction to the conventional Chandrasekhar dynamical-friction force, controlled by the momentum-transfer cross section $σ_T$ and the dimensionless collisionality parameter $n_χσ_T r=r/λ_{\rm mfp}$. We then compute the resulting orbital evolution, waveform modification, and accumulated gravitational-wave dephasing. In the enhanced-drag regime considered here, increasing the SIDM self-interaction strength increases the effective dynamical friction, accelerates the inspiral, and produces a progressively larger phase deviation relative to the collisionless dark matter case. We further distinguish the total dark-matter-induced dephasing relative to vacuum from the additional phase correction generated specifically by dark matter self-interactions. Our results demonstrate that the cumulative gravitational-wave phase of EMRIs can be sensitive to the microscopic momentum-transfer properties of dark matter, suggesting that future space-based detectors such as LISA may provide a complementary probe of SIDM in the vicinity of massive black holes.
Comments22 pages, 4 figures
