我们从NICER关于中子星半径中学到了什么
What We Have Learned from NICER About Neutron Star Radii
- University of Maryland（马里兰大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
本文综述了NICER对非吸积中子星半径的X射线测量结果，这些测量增进了对致密物质的理解，并表明现有系统误差对推断半径影响甚微。
AI中文摘要：
中子星的核心具有密度、温度和中子-质子不对称性的组合，这种组合无法在实验室中复制，也无法用第一性原理量子色动力学来理解。因此，对中子星的观测对于理解这一领域是必要的。特别是，对中子星半径的精确和准确测量，对于了解数倍核饱和密度下的冷催化物质具有高度信息性。美国国家航空航天局的中子星内部成分探测器（NICER）的X射线观测，已经对几颗非吸积中子星进行了半径测量，这大大推进了我们对致密物质的理解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了NICER的半径测量及其意义，并证明了迄今为止在NICER分析中探索的系统误差对推断出的中子星半径的影响至多是微小的。
英文摘要：
The cores of neutron stars have a combination of density, temperature, and neutron-proton asymmetry that cannot be replicated in laboratories or understood using first-principles quantum chromodynamics. Thus, observations of neutron stars are necessary to understand this regime. In particular, precise and accurate measurements of neutron star radii are highly informative about cold, catalyzed matter at a few times nuclear saturation density. X-ray observations with NASA's Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) have yielded radius measurements for a few nonaccreting neutron stars, which have advanced substantially our understanding of dense matter. In this review we discuss the NICER radius measurements and their implications and demonstrate that the systematic errors thus far explored in NICER analyses have at most a minor effect on the inferred radii of neutron stars.
