发表机构
ETH Zurich（苏黎世联邦理工学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文探讨难以减排行业（占全球排放30%）的直接电气化路径，综述电力电子在钢铁、水泥等领域的应用，并提出跨学科研究挑战。
AI 中文摘要
实现净零温室气体排放需要在地面交通、建筑和常规工业自动化之外进行深度电气化。本文讨论了难以减排行业的直接电气化路径，这些行业目前占全球温室气体排放的30%，包括钢铁、水泥、化工、航空和航运。虽然通过氢和合成燃料进行的间接电气化在某些应用中仍不可或缺，但从效率角度看，直接使用电力通常更可取。我们回顾了电力电子在工业过程电气化中的若干新兴机遇，包括通过氢等离子体熔融还原或熔融氧化物电解的炼钢、电气化水泥生产、高温过程热、等离子体辅助化学和电化学合成。在这些示例中，电力转换器必须与高度特定于应用的负载接口，从低压大电流电解槽到动态等离子体反应器和兆瓦级感应加热系统。此外，必须明确大功率电网接口和厂内能源管理/缓冲解决方案。因此，未来的电气化工业过程为电力电子学开辟了新的“超越明天”的研究挑战，需要与相邻学科的科学家进行密切的跨学科合作。
英文摘要
Reaching net-zero greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions requires deep electrification beyond ground transportation, buildings, and conventional industry automation. This article discusses direct electrification pathways for hard-to-abate sectors, which today account for 30% of global GHG emissions and include steel, cement, chemicals, aviation, and shipping. Whereas indirect electrification via hydrogen and synthetic fuels will remain indispensable for some applications, direct use of electricity is generally preferable from an efficiency perspective. We review selected emerging opportunities for power electronics in industrial process electrification, including steelmaking through hydrogen plasma smelting reduction or molten-oxide electrolysis, electrified cement production, high-temperature process heat, plasma-assisted chemistry, and electrochemical synthesis. Across these examples, power converters must interface with highly application-specific loads, ranging from low-voltage high-current electrolysis cells to dynamic plasma reactors and megawatt-scale induction heating systems. In addition, high-power grid interfaces and in-plant energy management/buffering solutions must be clarified. Thus, future electrified industrial processes open new "beyond-tomorrow" research challenges for power electronics in close interdisciplinary collaboration with scientists from neighboring disciplines.
CommentsSubmitted to IEEE magazine
