AI 中文总结
本文研究 SU(N) Verlinde 和,证明其生成多项式为迭代结果式,给出线性递推与 Binet 闭式,并附多组显式例子。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究 Verlinde 和 $V_{n}(N,m)$,就我们的目的而言,它是与 $\textrm{SU}(N)$ 相关的三角函数 $\{r_{x}\}$ 的有限和。本文证明以下结果:(i) 多项式 $D_N(w):=\prod_x(w-r_x)$ 等于 $Q(u)=u^m-1$ 与一个显式初等多项式 $W_N$(与 $n$ 和 $m$ 无关)的迭代结果式,相差一个显式且可计算的因子;(ii) 对于固定的 $N$ 和 $m$,$V_n(N,m)$ 满足阶数至多为 $\binom{m-1}{N-1}$ 的线性递推,同时给出论据表明实际存在长度等于 $D_{N}$ 的不同根个数的递推;(iii) 对于固定的 $N$ 和 $m$,推导出 Binet 型闭式,将 $V_n(N,m)$ 表示为代数数的 $n$ 次幂的显式有限和,这些代数数是 $D_N(w)$ 的不同根的缩放倒数。文中提供了 $N=2,3,4,5,6$ 和 $8$ 的若干显式例子。
英文摘要
We study Verlinde sums $V_{n}(N,m)$, which for our purposes are finite sums of trigonometric functions $\{r_{x}\}$, associated to $\textrm{ SU}(N)$. In this article we prove the following results: (i) the polynomial $D_N(w):=\prod_x(w-r_x)$ is equal to, up to an explicit and computable factor, the iterated resultant of $Q(u)=u^m-1$ with an explicit elementary polynomial $W_N$ which is independent of $n$ and $m$; (ii) for fixed $N$ and $m$, $V_n(N,m)$ satisfies a linear recursion of order at most $\binom{m-1}{N-1}$, together with arguments showing that one actually has a recursion of length equal to the number of distinct roots of $D_{N}$; (iii) for fixed $N$ and $m$, a Binet-type closed form expressing $V_n(N,m)$ as an explicit finite sum of $n$-th powers of algebraic numbers which are rescaled reciprocals of the distinct roots of $D_N(w)$ is derived. Several explicit examples are provided for $N=2,3,4,5,6$ and $8$.
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