发表机构
California Institute of Technology; Rochester Institute of Technology; Universidad Diego Portales; University of California, Santa Barbara; Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN); The University of Tokyo（加州理工学院; 罗切斯特理工学院; 迭戈帕托莱斯大学; 加州大学圣塔芭芭拉分校; 宇宙黎明中心; 东京大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
CHAMPS是一项144小时ALMA 1.2毫米大型巡天，覆盖0.2平方度，在z>4处探测到约385个尘埃亚毫米源，约束尘埃形成与演化，并发现高红移候选星系。
AI 中文摘要
理解尘埃如何随宇宙时间形成和演化是河外天体物理学中的一个关键开放问题。早期宇宙中的星系曾被认为大多缺乏尘埃，但最近在再电离纪元附近发现的严重尘埃遮蔽星系挑战了早期尘埃产生的模型，并对真实的宇宙恒星形成率密度提出了新问题。在本文中，我们介绍了COSMOS高红移ALMA-MIRI巡天（CHAMPS），该巡天揭示了z>4处的尘埃早期宇宙。CHAMPS是一项新的144小时ALMA 1.2毫米（波段6）大型计划，对COSMOS场中JWST/NIRCam+MIRI的联合覆盖区域进行测绘。它覆盖0.2平方度，综合波束大小为1.1角秒，灵敏度为0.14毫央斯基/波束。除了JWST，它还辅以X射线、紫外、光学、亚毫米和射电数据。CHAMPS作为一项盲巡天优化，在5σ以上探测到约385个独立的尘埃高红移亚毫米源、68个尘埃活动星系核，以及十几个z>6的尘埃星系。这些星系大多在JWST/F150W中未被探测到，使其成为典型的近红外暗星系。我们展示了CHAMPS探测到的三个最高红移、最尘埃且质量最大的候选星系，其红移高达z=7.5。CHAMPS还支持对按各种物理参数分组的数千个星系进行叠加。其对尘埃遮蔽的JWST识别星系的亚毫米覆盖为尘埃质量和被遮蔽的恒星形成率提供了强有力的约束，以研究早期尘埃的形成和演化。此外，CHAMPS还支持在z=0.4-2.7处对明亮CO线发射体进行盲搜索，并在z=6.7处对[CII]158微米发射体进行盲搜索。
英文摘要
Understanding how dust forms and evolves over cosmic time is a key open problem in extragalactic astrophysics. Galaxies in the early Universe were once thought to be mostly dust-poor, but recent discoveries of heavily dust-obscured galaxies near the Epoch of Reionization challenge models of early dust production and raise new questions about the true cosmic star formation rate density. In this paper, we present the COSMOS High-Redshift ALMA-MIRI Population Survey (CHAMPS), which sheds light on the dusty early universe at z>4. CHAMPS is a new 144h ALMA 1.2mm (band 6) large program mapping the combined JWST/NIRCam+MIRI footprint in the COSMOS field. It covers 0.2deg2 with a synthesized beam size of 1.1" and a sensitivity of 0.14mJy/beam. It is complemented, alongside JWST, by ancillary X-ray, UV, optical, sub-mm, and radio data. CHAMPS, optimized as a blind survey, detects above 5$σ$ approximately 385 individual dusty high-redshift sub-mm sources, 68 dusty AGN, and a dozen dusty galaxies at z>6. The galaxies are largely not detected in JWST/F150W, making them prototypical near-IR dark galaxies. We showcase three of the highest-redshift most dusty and massive candidate galaxies detected in CHAMPS with redshifts up to z=7.5. CHAMPS also enables stacks of thousands of galaxies grouped in bins of various physical parameters. Its sub-mm coverage of dust-attenuated JWST-identified galaxies provides robust constraints on dust masses and obscured star formation rates to study early dust formation and evolution. In addition, CHAMPS enables a blind search for luminous CO line emitters at z=0.4-2.7 and [CII]158$μ$m emitters at z=6.7.
Comments15 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ
