发表机构
The Johns Hopkins University; University of Delaware（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学; 特拉华大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
针对小行星带引力梯度噪声限制低频引力波探测的问题，提出利用引力波相对论性产生的引力磁场分量，通过测量洛伦兹加速度并在三星座中提取信号，采用原子干涉仪作惯性参考。
AI 中文摘要
利用内太阳系检验质量探测低频段（10纳赫兹至1微赫兹）引力波的能力受到小行星带产生的牛顿引力梯度噪声（GGN）的严重限制。本文提出一种新颖的探测概念，利用引力波的相对论性质来打破信号与小行星GGN背景之间的简并性。小行星的非相对论运动主要产生引力电场，其引力磁场分量受到速度抑制。相对论引力波产生的引力电场和引力磁场分量大小相等。我们提出利用测试体的洛伦兹加速度来探测低频引力波的引力磁场分量。这种洛伦兹加速度的测量在计量学上是可行的，因为预期的低频引力波天体物理源的特征应变显著高于通常在更高频段预期的应变。我们证明，在三颗卫星星座中，这种测量能够从引力梯度噪声中无歧义地提取引力波信号。引力磁场测量仍然需要与引力噪声以外的噪声良好隔离的检验质量。我们建议使用原子干涉仪作为这种纯净的惯性参考。
英文摘要
The detection of gravitational waves in the low-frequency band (10 nHz to 1 micro-Hz) using inner solar system proof masses is severely limited by Newtonian gravity gradient noise (GGN) sourced by the asteroid belt. In this paper, we propose a novel detection concept that exploits the relativistic nature of gravitational waves to break the degeneracy between the signal and the asteroid GGN background. The non-relativistic motion of asteroids dominantly sources gravito-electric fields, with velocity suppressed gravito-magnetic components. Relativistic gravitational waves produce gravito-electric and gravito-magnetic components of equal magnitude. We propose detecting the gravito-magnetic component of low frequency gravitational waves using the Lorentz acceleration of test bodies. The measurement of this Lorentz acceleration is metrologically possible due to the fact that expected astrophysical sources of low frequency gravitational waves have considerably higher characteristic strains than the strains typically expected at higher frequencies. We show that this measurement allows for unambiguous extraction of the gravitational wave signal from the gravity gradient noise in a three satellite constellation. The gravito-magnetic measurement still requires a proof mass that is well isolated from non-gravitational noise. We propose the use of atom interferometers to serve as such a pristine inertial reference.
Comments33 pages, 2 figures
