利用JWST在Terzan 5和Liller 1中发现超过一千颗变星
Discovery of over a thousand variable stars in Terzan 5 and Liller 1 with JWST
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中文总结 AI 辅助
利用JWST时域变星普查，在Terzan 5和Liller 1中发现1,315颗变星，包括Rapid Burster和Terzan 5脉冲星的首个红外对应体，并提出群体级时域测光新技术。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
银河系核球化石碎片Terzan 5和Liller 1拥有银河系中一些最致密的恒星环境，然而由于恒星拥挤和严重消光，其变星种群在很大程度上仍未得到探索。在此，我们在这两个系统中识别出1,315个变源，据我们所知，这是首次对类球状星团天体进行的JWST时域变星普查。通过对每次NIRCam积分内的连续非破坏性读出进行差分，我们将采样斜坡成像转换为每21秒采样一次的红外电影。一个多世纪的观测已在151个银河系球状星团中编目了5,604颗变星，其中大多数为脉动星。仅我们的普查就占该总数的23%，并且包含的测光变双星数量比此前在所有球状星团中编目的总和还要多。Liller 1的视场中先前已知变星为零，现在拥有915颗，几乎是排名第二的ω Centauri中变星数量的两倍。我们探测到来自Rapid Burster的剧烈红外变率，揭示了自1976年以来一直在寻找的对应体（见Desai等人2026年论文），并盲恢复了一个与原型红背脉冲星PSR J1748-2446A在其射电计时轨道周期上重合的信号，从而识别出Terzan 5任何脉冲星的首个光学或红外对应体。更广泛地说，我们提出了一种从JWST观测中恢复群体级时域测光的技术，使得利用这一视场天然匹配银河系最致密恒星系统的天文台进行时域研究成为可能。
英文摘要
The Bulge Fossil Fragments Terzan 5 and Liller 1 host some of the densest stellar environments in the Galaxy, yet their variable star populations have remained largely unexplored due to crowding and heavy obscuration. Here, we identify 1,315 variable sources in these two systems in what is to our knowledge the first JWST time-series variability census of a globular cluster-like object. By differencing consecutive non-destructive reads within each NIRCam integration, we transform sample-up-the-ramp imaging into an infrared movie sampled every 21 seconds. More than a century of observations has cataloged 5,604 variables, the majority of them pulsating stars, across 151 Galactic globular clusters. Our census alone amounts to 23 percent of that total and contains more photometrically variable binaries than had previously been cataloged in all globular clusters combined. The field of Liller 1, with zero previously known variables, now hosts 915, nearly double the count in the runner-up $ω$ Centauri. We detect dramatic infrared variability from the Rapid Burster, revealing the counterpart sought since 1976 (see Desai et al. 2026), and blindly recover a signal coincident with the prototype redback pulsar PSR J1748-2446A at its radio-timed orbital period, identifying the first optical or infrared counterpart to any of Terzan 5's pulsars. More broadly, we present a technique that recovers group-level time-series photometry from JWST observations, enabling time-domain studies with an observatory whose field of view is naturally matched to the Galaxy's densest stellar systems.
发表机构
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院）
- Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院卡弗里天体物理学与空间研究研究所）
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA)（奥地利科学技术研究院）
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi”, Università di Bologna（博洛尼塔大学物理与天文学系）
- INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna (OAS)（意大利国家天体物理研究所博洛尼亚天文与空间科学观测站）
- Center for Astrophysics — Harvard & Smithsonian（哈佛-史密森天体物理中心）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
