发表机构
Department of Physics, Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University（成均馆大学基础科学研究院物理系）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文在罗伯逊-沃克时空中提出广义宇宙学时间框架，阐明维度量时间演化的操作意义，并推导跨纪元比较的时间膨胀修正，强调需完整模型预测以检验meVSL缩放。
AI 中文摘要
维度常数的数值取决于所采用的单位，因此其孤立的时间变化本身并不是一个单位不变的观测量。我们在罗伯逊-沃克时空中重新考虑这一问题，该时空的均匀且各向同性几何允许沿基本类时曲线的重参数化自由度。广义宇宙学时间保留了一个共同的宇宙学时间参数T_G，并定义了时间速率因子N_G = dτ/dT_G，其中固有时表示作为单位速率成员。在此表述中，时间速率关系嵌入标准的超曲面正交RW类时曲线结构中，而坐标时移自由度与保留的时间参数以及现象学meVSL赋值保持区分。在meVSL中，N_G(a) = a^(b/4)，其中相同的b控制维度量的相关跨纪元缩放。宇宙学时间膨胀提供了明确的计时应用：Δτ_o = (1+z)Δτ_e，而T_G中相同的零测地线连接区间满足ΔT_G,o/ΔT_G,e = (1+z)N_G,e/N_G,o。如果用于跨红移比较源的内在时间尺度在T_G中定义，则当前归一化N_G,o = 1给出(1+z)^(1-b/4)；如果在固有时中定义，则恢复通常的(1+z)定律。对相关meVSL缩放的观测检验需要完整的模型预测，而非对孤立维度量的约束。
英文摘要
The numerical value of a dimensional constant depends on the adopted units, so its isolated temporal variation is not by itself a unit-invariant observable. We reconsider this issue in Robertson--Walker spacetime, whose homogeneous and isotropic geometry admits temporal reparametrization freedom along the fundamental congruence. Generalized Cosmological Time retains a common cosmological time parameter T_G and defines the temporal-rate factor N_G = d tau/d T_G, with the proper-time representation as the unit-rate member. In this formulation, the temporal-rate relation is embedded in the standard hypersurface-orthogonal RW congruence structure, while coordinate lapse freedom is kept distinct from the retained temporal parameter and from the phenomenological meVSL assignment. In meVSL, N_G(a) = a^(b/4), with the same b governing correlated cross-epoch scalings of dimensional quantities. Cosmological time dilation provides the explicit timing application: Delta tau_o = (1+z) Delta tau_e, while the same null-linked intervals in T_G satisfy Delta T_G,o/Delta T_G,e = (1+z) N_G,e/N_G,o. If the intrinsic timescale used to compare sources across redshift is defined in T_G, the present normalization N_G,o = 1 gives (1+z)^(1-b/4); if defined in proper time, the usual (1+z) law is recovered. Observational tests of the correlated meVSL scalings require complete model predictions rather than constraints on isolated dimensional quantities.
Comments15 pages, 1 table. Submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity
