NISQ实验中不对称误差的分析
Analysis of asymmetric errors in NISQ experiments
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文扩展了NISQ实验的不对称读出误差分析，基于谷歌2019年量子霸权实验数据，发现门误差效应未出现，零和一的占比仅反映读出误差不对称性，并用IBM和谷歌模拟器验证。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
本文继续我们对NISQ实验的分析，特别是谷歌2019年的“量子霸权”实验。在arXiv:2008.05177中，我们提出了统计工具来分析对称和不对称的读出误差，而对称情况在arXiv:2404.00935中得到了广泛的研究和发展，我们在那里结合了傅里叶方法和统计工具。在此，我们扩展并补充了先前的研究，分析了来自实验和模拟数据中的不对称读出误差。我们的研究还受到Fefferman等人arXiv:2306.16659的论文的进一步推动，该论文表明振幅阻尼门误差的效果是使量子计算机产生的样本中零的比例更大。我们表明，在谷歌的实验数据中并未观察到这种门误差效应，在整个量子比特数范围$12 \le n \le 53$内，零和一的占比仅反映了所报告的读出误差的不对称性，并报告了使用IBM和谷歌模拟器进行的$n=12,14$的模拟结果。
英文摘要
This paper continues our analysis of NISQ experiments and especially the Google 2019 ``quantum supremacy" experiment. In arXiv:2008.05177 we proposed statistical tools to analyze symmetric and asymmetric readout errors, and the symmetric case was extensively developed and studied in arXiv:2404.00935, where we used Fourier methods combined with statistical tools. Here we extend and complement our earlier study and analyze asymmetric readout errors for data from experiments and simulations. Our study was further motivated by a paper by Fefferman et al. arXiv:2306.16659, who showed that the effect of amplitude damping gate errors is to have larger fractions of zeroes in the samples produced by the quantum computer. We show that this effect of gate errors is not observed in the Google experimental data, where, for the entire range of the number of qubits, $12 \le n \le 53$, the fraction of zeroes and ones reflects only the asymmetry of reported readout errors, and report on simulations with $n=12,14$ using IBM's and Google's simulators.
