遍历性、遍历性破缺及非平衡态下概率密度的时间演化：多散斑动态光散射的新视角

中文摘要 AI 辅助

通过实验检验真实系统中的遍历性假设至关重要，因为这挑战了广泛物理与复杂系统理论模型所依赖的基本前提。高水平的实验能够展示真实系统是否、何时以及如何探索其所有可能状态，并充当抽象理论框架与具体现实应用之间的关键桥梁。该方法旨在确保我们对复杂系统的描述既具有物理意义又具有技术相关性，从而促进更细致和全面的理解。一种新型光散射实验的发展使我们能够直接测量胶体模型系统中粒子浓度涨落的完整分布，进而直接确定概率分布。这反过来又促进了遍历性假设的实验验证，并量化了遍历性破缺随亚稳性的变化。

英文摘要

Testing the ergodicity hypothesis through experimentation in real systems is of crucial importance as it challenges a fundamental assumption underlying a wide range of theoretical models of physical and complex systems. High-calibre experiments can demonstrate whether, when and how a real system explores all of its possible states, and serve as a crucial conduit between abstract theoretical frameworks and tangible real-world applications. This approach is intended to guarantee that our descriptions of complex systems remain both physically meaningful and technologically relevant, thereby facilitating a more nuanced and comprehensive understanding. The development of a novel light scattering experiment has enabled us the direct measurement of the full distribution of fluctuations in the particle concentration in colloidal model systems and thus the direct determination of the probability distribution. This, in turn, facilitates the experimental verification of the ergodic hypothesis and the quantification of ergodicity breaking as a function of metastability.

发表机构

• Institute for Applied Physics, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen（蒂宾根大学应用物理研究所）

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