量子拉比模型中拓扑缺陷态的实验实现与相空间绕数

中文摘要 AI 辅助

我们在单个囚禁的$^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}$离子中实验实现了量子拉比模型的拓扑缺陷态。该态由振荡器在福克态晶格表示中固有的数依赖耦合所产生的可调界面支撑。我们在每个边带相位设置下独立制备该态，并使用特征函数断层扫描重建其运动相空间分布。得到的维格纳质心轨迹在两个耦合区域中分别表现出绕数1和0。改变载波幅度会重新缩放轨迹，同时保持其绕数不变。载波幅度调制提供了一种互补的动力学探针，产生的自旋响应与缺陷态的激发间隙和可访问的跃迁通道一致。该实验将非均匀合成晶格中的拓扑缺陷态物理与混合自旋-玻色子系统的可测量相空间几何联系起来。

英文摘要

Synthetic lattices built from hybrid qubit-oscillator systems provide a platform for exploring topology, with multiple physical degrees of freedom enabling control over lattice geometry. A single spin-oscillator pair, described by the quantum Rabi model, provides a minimal system supporting a topological defect state on a lattice formed from the oscillator's infinite ladder of number states. However, the realization of the defect state and its robustness remain experimentally unexplored. Here we realize a topological defect state of the quantum Rabi model in a single trapped $^{171}\mathrm{Yb}^{+}$ ion. As a coupling phase varies, reconstructed phase-space distributions yield centroid trajectories with windings of one and zero in two regimes, linking discrete-lattice topology to the geometry of the oscillator's continuous position-momentum space. The measured spin response to drive-amplitude modulation relates the stability of spin polarization to energy gaps and allowed transitions. Together, these results establish a minimal quantum system for realizing and probing topological defect states.

发表机构

• Seoul National University（首尔大学）
• NextQuantum

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