中纬度低层电离层太阳耀斑期间电子密度与响应时间延迟的数值分析
Numerical analysis of electron density and response time delay during solar flares in mid-latitudinal lower ionosphere
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究数值求解电子连续性方程，分析中纬度低层电离层在C、M、X级太阳耀斑下的电子密度剖面及响应时间延迟，发现显著的季节性效应。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
太阳耀斑对低层电离层不同部分的影响因其与入射太阳辐射直接照射的接近程度而异。对这一现象的定量分析可归因于电离层上方的太阳天顶角（chi(t)）剖面。我们数值求解电子连续性方程，以获得低层电离层电子密度剖面（Ne(t)）。电子产生率（q(t)）受（i）耀斑的X射线剖面（phi(t)）和（ii）耀斑发生期间的chi(t)值等因素控制。为分析耀斑期间的X射线剖面，我们使用GOES-15卫星观测数据。由于我们基于电子连续性方程的简化电离层模型，我们将分析仅限于相对稳定的中纬度电离层。我们分别从C、M和X级耀斑中各选取三个耀斑进行Ne(t)剖面计算。我们观察到，在不同离散纬度上的低层电离层计算的时变Ne(t)剖面有所不同。此外，我们在phi(t) = phi_max时计算了中纬度区域的空间Ne(t)剖面。现在，我们假设这些耀斑在一年中的每一天（DoY）的同一时间重复发生，并计算每天的Ne(t)剖面。我们发现太阳耀斑对Ne(t)剖面存在季节性影响。进一步，我们研究了低层电离层的响应时间延迟（Delta t），即太阳耀斑期间X射线入射与Ne(t)剖面相应变化之间的时间差。Ne(t)剖面和Delta t的强烈季节性效应是本工作的独特结果。
英文摘要
Impacts of solar flare vary at different parts of the lower ionosphere depending on its proximity to the direct exposure of incoming solar radiation. The quantitative analysis of this phenomenon can be attributed to the solar zenith angle (chi(t)) profile over the ionosphere. We numerically solve the electron continuity equation to obtain the lower ionospheric electron density profile (Ne(t)). The electron production rate (q(t)) is governed by the (i) X-ray profile (phi(t)) of the flare, (ii) chi(t)-values during the flare occurrence, etc. For analyzing the X-ray profile during flares, we use the GOES-15 satellite observations. Since we are working on an electron continuity equation based simplified ionospheric model, we confined our analysis to the comparatively stable mid-latitude ionosphere only. We choose three flares each from C, M, and X-classes for Ne(t)-profile computation. We observe that temporal Ne(t)-profiles differ when computed for the lower ionosphere over different discrete latitudes. Further, we compute the spatial Ne(t)-profile across the mid-latitude region at the time when phi(t) = phi_max. Now we assume that these flares repeat themselves every day of a year (DoY) at the same time of a day and we compute Ne(t)-profiles for each day. We found a seasonal effect on the Ne(t)-profile due to solar flare. Further, we investigate the response time delay (Delta t) of the lower ionosphere, which is the time difference between incidence of X-ray and the respective change in Ne(t)-profiles during solar flares. Strong seasonal effects on Ne(t)-profile and Delta t are the unique results of this work.
发表机构
- Amity University Kolkata（加尔各答阿弥提大学）
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