发表机构
Seoul National University; University of Florida（首尔大学; 佛罗里达大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究通过三维流体动力学模拟，揭示了吸积流对原行星盘结构演化的显著影响，包括激发全局偏心率、产生可观测的动力学特征，并可能作为行星形成的重要驱动因素。
AI 中文摘要
最近的观测表明，吸积流在原行星盘中普遍存在，然而它们对盘演化的动力学影响仍知之甚少。我们利用质量吸积率为$10^{-8}$--$10^{-6} \\ M_{\odot}\\ \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$的三维流体动力学模拟，研究了吸积流吸积如何影响原行星盘的结构与演化。我们发现，顺行吸积流可以全局性地激发盘的偏心率，使其高达$\sim0.4$。由此产生的偏心盘会发展出显著的旋臂和月牙形过密结构，其空间结构与解析偏心盘理论吻合得非常好。它还经历了显著的翘曲，并表现出增强且变化的恒星吸积。相反，逆行吸积流吸积能有效移除盘角动量，产生致密盘，在极端情况下触发盘破裂。利用合成的ALMA分子谱线观测，我们展示了吸积流驱动的扰动产生可观测的动力学特征，包括矩图中的多普勒翻转和位置-速度图中的摆动。值得注意的是，这些特征在吸积停止后可持续长达$100\\ \mathrm{kyr}$，这表明在没有当前探测到吸积流的盘中观测到的一些动力学扰动可能是过去吸积事件的遗迹。最后，我们讨论了吸积流驱动的盘演化对行星形成和行星-盘相互作用的影响。
英文摘要
Recent observations suggest that accretion streamers are common in protoplanetary disks, yet their dynamical impact on disk evolution remains poorly understood. Using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations with mass infall rates of $10^{-8}$--$10^{-6} \ M_{\odot}\ \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$, we investigate how streamer accretion influences the structure and evolution of protoplanetary disks. We find that a prograde streamer can excite disk eccentricity globally to values as high as $\sim0.4$. The resulting eccentric disk develops prominent spiral arms and crescent-shaped overdensities whose spatial structures agree remarkably well with analytic eccentric-disk theory. It also undergoes significant warping, and exhibits enhanced and variable stellar accretion. In contrast, retrograde streamer accretion efficiently removes disk angular momentum, producing a compact disk and, in extreme cases, triggering disk breaking. Using synthetic ALMA molecular-line observations, we show that streamer-driven perturbations generate observable kinematic signatures, including Doppler flips in moment maps and wiggles in position--velocity diagrams. Remarkably, these signatures can persist for up to $100\ \mathrm{kyr}$ after infall has ceased, suggesting that some kinematic disturbances observed in disks without currently detected streamers may be relics of past infall events. Finally, we discuss the implications of streamer-driven disk evolution for planet formation and planet--disk interactions.
Comments35 pages, 31 figures, 1 table, 1 Appendix; Accepted for publication in ApJ
