稀电解质的霍尔电导：来自奇随机密度泛函理论
Hall conductance of dilute electrolytes from odd stochastic density functional theory
- University of Chicago（芝加哥大学）
- Weizmann Institute of Science（魏茨曼科学研究所）
- ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS（巴黎高等物理化工学院，PSL大学，法国国家科学研究中心）
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie（皮埃尔和玛丽·居里大学）
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University（哈佛大学约翰·A·保尔森工程与应用科学学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
AI总结：
针对磁场中电解质的霍尔电导率缺乏定量理论的问题，本文提出奇随机密度泛函理论（odd SDFT），通过三种方法计算霍尔电导率，并推广至对称性破缺流体，为调和理论与实验奠定基础。
AI中文摘要：
在外加磁场下的电解质会表现出霍尔电导率，这与金属和半导体类似。然而，现有理论无法定量解释测得的霍尔电导率。为了推进这一理论的发展，我们为磁场中的电解质建立了一个随机密度泛函框架。该框架我们称之为奇SDFT，它扩展了著名的随机密度泛函理论（SDFT），以纳入横向迁移率和手性时间相关噪声。利用该框架，我们在没有流体动力学溶剂效应的情况下，通过三种方法计算了霍尔电导率：（i）直接响应，（ii）Green-Kubo关系，以及（iii）混合涨落-耗散关系。我们进一步表明，奇SDFT更广泛地适用于具有时间反演和镜面对称性破缺的流体，包括奇扩散流体和手性活性物质。我们的结果将Debye-Hückel-Onsager理论的弛豫修正推广到磁化电解质，并为纳入由溶剂介导的额外效应提供了基础，这些效应可能在定量上调和理论与实验。
英文摘要：
Electrolytes under an external magnetic field exhibit a Hall conductivity, much like metals and semiconductors. However, existing theories fail to quantitatively account for their measured Hall conductivities. To make progress toward such a theory, we develop a stochastic density functional framework for electrolytes in a magnetic field. This framework, which we dub odd SDFT, extends the celebrated stochastic density functional theory (SDFT) to incorporate transverse mobilities and chiral time-correlated noise. Using this framework, we calculate the Hall conductivity in the absence of hydrodynamic solvent effects through three approaches: (i) direct response, (ii) Green-Kubo relation, and (iii) a hybrid fluctuation-dissipation relation. We further show that odd SDFT applies more broadly to fluids with broken time-reversal and mirror symmetry, including odd-diffusive fluids and chiral active matter. Our results generalize the relaxation correction of Debye-Hückel-Onsager theory to magnetized electrolytes and provide a foundation for incorporating additional effects mediated by the solvent that could quantitatively reconcile theory and experiments.
