发表机构
Institute for Quantum Studies, Chapman University（查普曼大学量子研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文证明任何N量子比特系统的局部波函数可直接从Deutsch-Hayden描述符构建，从而结合局部薛定谔绘景的直观性与局部海森堡绘景的紧凑性。
AI 中文摘要
贝尔定理确立了这样一个结论：一个没有超决定论或逆因果性的、局部的且在空间上可分离的物理理论，必然是一个多局部世界的理论。量子力学的局部多世界形式体系是一种在时空中具有洛伦兹协变因果结构的、透明的可分离物理理论。与埃弗雷特多世界诠释不同，它不存在构型空间中不可分离的普适波函数；但与埃弗雷特诠释相同的是，它只包含局部的幺正演化，该演化守恒概率（流体）流，并且没有波函数坍缩。时空中的每个事件都有其自身的局部波函数，该波函数仅利用其过去光锥内的局部波函数和局部幺正演化算符来构建，并且与类空分离的局部波函数完全不相连。我们称此为局部薛定谔绘景。局部多世界也可以用海森堡绘景来描述，方法是给每个单独的系统赋予Deutsch-Hayden（DH）描述符，每个描述符在局部幺正操作下演化。局部波函数和DH描述符都包含过去相互作用的记录，虽然局部波函数提供了清晰直观的物理叙述，但描述符以更紧凑的形式包含了所有相同的信息。不幸的是，这种紧凑的形式也有点晦涩难懂，这使得局部海森堡绘景相对难以理解。本文的目的是表明，任何$N$量子比特系统的局部波函数总是可以直接从DH描述符构建，从而使我们能够结合两种绘景的优点。
英文摘要
Bell's theorem establishes that a local and spatially separable physical theory with no superdeterminism or retrocausality must be a theory of many local worlds. The local many worlds formalism of quantum mechanics is a transparent separable physical theory in spacetime with a Lorentz covariant causal structure. Unlike the Everett many worlds interpretation, there is no nonseparable universal wavefunction in configuration space, but like Everett, there is only local unitary evolution which conserves probability (fluid) current, and no wavefunction collapse. Each event in spacetime has its own local wavefunction which is built up using only the local wavefunctions and local unitary evolution operators within its past light cone, and which is entirely disconnected from spacelike separated local wavefunctions. We call this the local Schrödinger picture. Local many worlds can also be described in the Heisenberg picture by ascribing Deutsch-Hayden (DH) descriptors to each individual system, each of which evolves under local unitary operations. Both the local wavefunctions and DH descriptors contain records of past interactions, and while the local wavefunctions provide a clear and intuitive physical narrative, the descriptors contain all of the same information in a much more compact form. Unfortunately, the compact form is also somewhat cryptic, which has made the local Heisenberg picture relatively inaccessible. The purpose of this article is to show that the local wavefunctions for any $N$-qubit system can always be constructed directly from the DH descriptors, allowing us to combine the benefits of both pictures.
Comments15 pages, 2 figures
