强耦合量子平衡中的温度-哈密顿量歧义性
Temperature--Hamiltonian Ambiguity in Strong-Coupling Quantum Equilibrium
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究提出强耦合量子平衡中温度与哈密顿量的歧义性，通过独立识别局域哈密顿量解决，并给出操作性框架，区分态表示与热力学赋值。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
强耦合通常会使子系统偏离其裸哈密顿量在浴温度下的吉布斯态。我们提出了一个温度-哈密顿量歧义性：约化平衡态确定了无量纲的吉布斯生成元，但本身并不能唯一确定进入吉布斯表示的局域哈密顿量和温度。我们提出了一种操作性解决方案，其中局域哈密顿量从独立于平稳吉布斯参数化的物理信息中识别。每当精确的约化态与由该独立识别的哈密顿量生成的吉布斯族兼容时，它就确定了一个唯一的局域温度。一个精确可解的两能级系统-振荡器模型通过基于相对于指定局域哈密顿量的温度重正化和在浴温度下的平均力哈密顿量水平重正化的态等价描述，使歧义性变得明确。一个精确的玻色子模型提供了互补的情况，其中延迟动力学独立地固定了一个重正化的局域激发尺度，从而在平稳布居数确定温度之前指定了局域哈密顿量。这些结果区分了态表示与热力学赋值，并为超越弱耦合的局域热力学提供了一个操作性框架。
英文摘要
Strong coupling generally drives a subsystem away from the Gibbs state of its bare Hamiltonian at the bath temperature. We formulate a temperature--Hamiltonian ambiguity: the reduced equilibrium state fixes the dimensionless Gibbs generator, but does not by itself uniquely determine the local Hamiltonian and temperature entering a Gibbs representation. We propose an operational resolution in which the local Hamiltonian is identified from physical information independent of the stationary Gibbs parametrization. Whenever the exact reduced state is compatible with the Gibbs family generated by that independently identified Hamiltonian, it then determines a unique local temperature. An exactly solvable two-level-system--oscillator model makes the ambiguity explicit through state-equivalent descriptions based on temperature renormalization relative to a specified local Hamiltonian and Hamiltonian-of-mean-force level renormalization at the bath temperature. An exact bosonic model provides the complementary case in which retarded dynamics independently fixes a renormalized local excitation scale and thereby specifies the local Hamiltonian before the stationary populations determine the temperature. These results distinguish state representation from thermodynamic assignment and provide an operational framework for local thermodynamics beyond weak coupling.
发表机构
- School of Physics, Hangzhou Normal University（杭州师范大学物理学院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。
