发表机构
Sharif University of Technology（谢里夫理工大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本文建立引力波存在下自发辐射的QED框架，揭示其相位调制产生Floquet边带与四极角重分布，并提出基于里德伯原子或高电荷离子的腔QED差分探测方案，用于高频引力波探测。
AI 中文摘要
研究引力波（GWs）为探索量子物质与时空动力学之间的相互作用提供了独特的探针。我们在线性化引力背景中量子化电磁场，建立了一个在弱经典引力波存在下自发辐射的量子电动力学（QED）框架。我们证明，经过的引力波会动态地相位调制真空电磁模式，将光子态修饰为以引力波频率间隔的Floquet边带阶梯。虽然总自发衰变率在引力波应变的一阶近似下保持不变，但发射模式发展出特征性的自旋-2四极角重分布，并随引力波相位调制。对于有限相互作用时间，载波与Floquet边带之间的干涉在瞬态发射光谱中产生依赖于相位的谱不对称性。为了探索实验可观测性，我们构建了腔QED主方程描述，并提出了采用里德伯原子系综或高电荷离子的差分跨腔探测协议。这些结果确立了腔QED作为探索动态时空中量子电动力学以及高频引力波探测的有前景平台。
英文摘要
Studying Gravitational Waves (GWs) provide a unique probe of the interplay between quantum matter and the dynamics of spacetime. We develop a QED framework for spontaneous emission in the presence of a weak classical GW by quantizing the electromagnetic field in a linearized gravitational background. We show that a passing GW dynamically phase-modulates vacuum electromagnetic modes, dressing photon states into a Floquet ladder of sidebands separated by the GW frequency. While the total spontaneous decay rate remains unchanged to first order in the GW strain, the emission pattern develops a characteristic spin-2 quadrupolar angular redistribution modulated with the GW phase. For finite interaction times, interference between the carrier and Floquet sidebands generates phase-dependent spectral asymmetries in the transient emission spectrum. To explore experimental observability, we formulate a cavity-QED master equation description and propose a differential cross-cavity detection protocol employing Rydberg ensembles or highly charged ions. These results establish cavity QED as a promising platform for exploring quantum electrodynamics in dynamical spacetime and for high-frequency gravitational-wave detection.
Comments15 pages, 2 figures, accepted in Iranian Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
