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arXiv 2609.32765math.NAcs.NAmath.PR

快速均值回复随机波动率下的蒙特卡洛定价:多尺度极限 ${\epsilon\to 0}$

Monte Carlo pricing under fast mean-reverting stochastic volatility: the multi-scale limit ${ε\to 0}$

Laurent Mertz, Olivier Pironneau

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中文总结 AI 辅助

本文用蒙特卡洛方法为快速均值回复随机波动率模型定价,提出条件估计与控制变量,在极限下收敛于Black-Scholes价格,并显著降低方差、提升校准效率。

中文摘要 AI 辅助

我们针对一个具有快速均值回复因子(时间尺度为 $\eps$)的标量随机波动率模型,对 $\E[(S_T-K)^+]$ 进行蒙特卡洛计算,其中 $\eps$ 从 $1$ 变化到 $10^{-3}$。条件(混合)估计量给出有限方差,而直接估计量在该模型下具有无限方差。波动率因子通过其精确的 Ornstein--Uhlenbeck 转移进行模拟。当 $\eps\to0$ 时,价格以 $O(\eps)$ 的速率收敛到具有平均波动率 $\bar\sigma$ 的 Black--Scholes 价格,且隐含波动率微笑趋于平坦至 $\bar\sigma$。最后,我们测试了一个基于波动率为 $\bar\sigma$ 的 Black--Scholes delta 的鞅控制变量。若该鞅由真实波动率 $\sigma(Y_t)$ 驱动,方差减少因子随 $1/\eps$ 增长,在 $\eps=10^{-3}$ 时约为 $160$。若由常数 $\bar\sigma$ 驱动,方差基本不减少。最后,我们通过完整模拟 $S$,将 $\rho\neq0$ 的模型校准到 S\\&P~500 隐含波动率。在相同路径数下,控制变量将方差减少 $1.7$--$16$ 倍(中位数 $5.6$),并给出更准确的校准参数;在相同 CPU 时间下,仅当 delta 在比时间步更粗的网格上重新平衡时才有收益。对于包含四个指数的篮子(状态维度 $8$),增益更大(中位数 $8$)且相对成本更小,因此在相同 CPU 时间下,控制变量比普通蒙特卡洛高效约 $4$--$5$ 倍。

英文摘要

We compute $\E[(S_T-K)^+]$ by Monte Carlo for a scalar stochastic-volatility model with a fast mean-reverting factor of time scale $\eps$, for $\eps$ ranging from $1$ down to $10^{-3}$. A conditional (mixing) estimator gives finite variance, whereas the direct estimator has infinite variance for this model. The volatility factor is simulated with its exact Ornstein--Uhlenbeck transition. As $\eps\to0$ the price converges, at rate $O(\eps)$, to the Black--Scholes price with the averaged volatility $\barσ$, and the implied-volatility smile flattens to $\barσ$. Finally, we test a martingale control variate built on the Black--Scholes delta with volatility $\barσ$. If the martingale is driven by the true volatility $σ(Y_t)$, the variance is reduced by a factor that grows like $1/\eps$, about $160$ at $\eps=10^{-3}$. If it is driven by the constant $\barσ$, the variance is essentially not reduced. Last, we calibrate the model with $ρ\neq0$ to S\&P~500 implied volatilities by full simulation of $S$. At the same number of paths the control variate reduces the variance by a factor $1.7$--$16$ (median $5.6$) and gives more accurate calibrated parameters; at equal CPU time it pays off only if the delta is rebalanced on a coarser grid than the time step. For a basket of four indices (state dimension $8$) the gain is larger (median $8$) and the relative cost smaller, so that the control variate is about $4$--$5$ times more efficient than plain Monte Carlo at equal CPU time.

发表机构

  • City University, Hong Kong, China(香港城市大学)
  • Sorbonne University, Paris, France(索邦大学)

机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。

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