AI 中文总结
本文研究参数化替换生成的连分数的拉格朗日常数,建立序关系并证明在 $a\ge2$ 时映射的单射性,类比马尔可夫唯一性猜想,并提出关于一般 $b>a$ 的序关系猜想。
AI 中文摘要
受马尔可夫谱通过机械词和马尔可夫唯一性猜想的现代刻画的启发,我们研究了由参数化替换族 $\phi_{a,b}$ 生成的连分数的拉格朗日常数,其中 $\phi_{a,b}$ 定义为 $0 \mapsto aa$ 和 $1 \mapsto bb$,且 $b = a + 1$。基于有理数对 $0 \le x < y \le 1$ 的三重算术分类,我们研究了与机械词 $G(x)$ 相关的对应拉格朗日常数 $\mathcal{L}([\phi_{a,a+1}(G(x))])$ 之间的序关系。虽然对于第二类(类型 (2))的序对,当 $a \ge 1$ 时建立了一个不等式,但类型 (1) 和类型 (3) 序对的比较在 $a \ge 2$ 时成立。因此,对于任意整数 $a \ge 2$,此时所有三种类型的序关系完全确定,我们建立了马尔可夫唯一性猜想的一个类比:映射 $x \mapsto \mathcal{L}([\phi_{a,a+1}(G(x))])$ 在 $\mathbb{Q} \cap [0, 1]$ 上是单射的。此外,在大量数值计算的支持下,我们提出了关于任意 $b > a$ 的序关系的一般猜想,强调了在边界 $b = a^2 + 2$ 处序行为的急剧相变。
英文摘要
Motivated by the modern characterization of the Markoff spectrum via mechanical words and the Markoff Uniqueness Conjecture, we study the Lagrange constants of continued fractions generated by a parameterized family of substitutions $ϕ_{a,b}$ $ϕ_{a,b}$ defined by $0 \mapsto aa$ and $1 \mapsto bb$ with $b = a + 1$. Based on a three-fold arithmetic classification of pairs of rational numbers $0 \le x < y \le 1$, we investigate the order relations between the corresponding Lagrange constants $\mathcal{L}([ϕ_{a,a+1}(G(x))])$ associated with the mechanical words $G(x)$. While an inequality is established for pairs of the second type (type (2)) whenever $a \ge 1$, the comparisons for type (1) and type (3) pairs hold for $a \ge 2$. Consequently, for any integer $a \ge 2$, where the order relations across all three types are completely determined, we establish an analogue of the Markoff Uniqueness Conjecture: the map $x \mapsto \mathcal{L}([ϕ_{a,a+1}(G(x))])$ is injective on $\mathbb{Q} \cap [0, 1]$. Furthermore, supported by extensive numerical computations, we propose a general conjecture on the order relations for arbitrary $b > a$, highlighting a sharp phase transition in ordering behavior at the boundary $b = a^2 + 2$.
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